The Entomologist's record and journal of variation

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d by C. W. Pl

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THE ENTOMOLOGIST’S RECORD

AND JOURNAL OF VARIATION
World List abbreviation: Entomologist s Rec. J. Var.

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Front cover image of Rheumaptera hastata hastata (L.) from photograph © by John Knowler

Entomologist ’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) 105

eNite ONlay
MAY 31 2012
LIBRARIES

THE IMMIGRATION OF LEPIDOPTERA
TO THE BRITISH ISLES IN 2009

SEAN P. CLANCY

1 Myrtle Villas, Sussex Road, New Romney, Kent. TN28 8DY.
E-mail: trapsite@talktalk.net

Abstract

Formally accepted records of immigrant Lepidoptera occurring in the British Isles during
the year 2009 are listed and discussed. For less frequently encountered species, full
information is given in Annex 1, presented in vice-county order, the individual localities
then listed alphabetically for each VC. For the more regular immigrant species, annual
summaries and a selection of the more important records are presented in Annex 2.

Introduction

Whilst the 2009 season was generally unremarkable in terms of periods of
sustained insect immigration of a wide range of species, it was particularly
noteworthy for two single species invasions that took place. The first involved a
countrywide influx of Vanessa cardui (L.) that arrived in late May and produced
huge numbers of progeny during the summer. The selection of counts and reports
listed in this species’ account give a snapshot of some of the numbers and general
spectacles this invasion produced but a far more detailed analysis of this
memorable event can be found in Fox (2010). The second influx involved an
unprecedented arrival of Jtame brunneata (Thunb.) during late May and June
across much of southern and parts of central England, thought to be the result of a
population explosion in parts of mainland Europe. This invasion is more
thoroughly detailed in Higgott & Davey (2010), although even bigger influxes of
this species have followed in the two subsequent seasons.

In association with the V. cardui invasion was a record (but much smaller!)
influx of the gelechid moth Syncopacma polychromella (Rebel), whilst the first
confirmed British record of the tortricid moth Cydia inquinatana (Hb.) was taken
in the same light trap as an immigrant J. brunneata and may have been associated
with the arrival of this species from the east.

Aside from these two significant events, immigration was, at best, intermittent
during the summer/autumn periods. However, some excellent immigrant records
were forthcoming during the season and the most significant of these were as
follows: Catoptria verellus (Zinck.), two records each from VC’s 10 & 15;
Herpetogramma licarsisalis (Walk.), the eighth UK record during October;
Euzophera bigella (Zell.), a probable immigrant example from VC13; Stegania
cararia (Hb.), the first UK record in July; Chiasmia aestimaria (Hb.), the fifth UK
record, all of these from VC15; Crocallis dardoinaria (Donzel), the second UK
record from VC9; Actinotia polyodon (Clerck), the most northerly record of the
species in the UK from VC61; Cryphia raptricula (D. & S.), the eighteenth UK

106 Entomologist’ Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

record from VC25; Apamea lJateritia (Hufn.), the fifteenth UK record from
VC112; Spodoptera cilium (Guen.), the seventeenth UK record from VC1; Earias
insulana (Boisd.), the sixth UK record from VC32; Chrysodeixis acuta (Walk.),
the nineteenth UK record; Catocala electa (View.), the tenth UK record from
VC10; and the second UK record of Aedia leucomelas (L.) from VC19.

As well as the S. cararia record given above, there were five more additions to
the British list in 2009: Pryeria sinica (Moore), Tuta absoluta (Meyr.), Musotima
nitidalis (Walk.), Menophra japygiaria (Costa); and Dinumma deponens (Walk.).
The details of these records are given in Annex 1 but in each case are likely to
relate to the artificial importation/introduction of the species into Britain.

Guidelines for contributors
To avoid unnecessary delays in publishing future reports, it would help greatly if
contributors adhere to the following guidelines: data should include the vice-
county, recorder, stage (if not an adult), number observed, and the date. For light-
trap records list the date the trap was switched on, not the date it was inspected.
This is a universally accepted convention to avoid the possible duplication of
records.

There remains a noticeable shortage of records from more northern and inland
sites submitted for these reports. Records of migrant species from such sites
would be gratefully received for future reports, and the regional summaries &
categories of listed records for Annex 2 species have been introduced to take
account of records of this nature. County recorders not already submitting migrant
data for these annual reports are keenly requested to do so, even if their respective
counties are not favourably positioned to receive arrivals. Migrant records from
such northern and inland sites are often more significant in showing the range and
scale of immigrations of species routinely recorded from more southern, coastal
locations. Mapmate has recently updated its migrant filter to facilitate the
extraction and submission of appropriate data.

It should be noted that statistics relating to the total number and distribution of
all records received/sourced of a majority of the nocturnal Annex 2 species are
now given, so please continue to submit records of all these species. It must also
be stressed that it has become impossible to monitor the growing number of e-
mail/website migrant forums and the posting of records on such sites will not
necessarily result in their inclusion in future reports. It is therefore essential that
migrant records are submitted to the relevant county recorder, published within
the entomological press, or sent directly to the report author.

Whilst able to source information published in the entomological press, the
author is greatly reliant on county recorders to submit migrant records. However,
despite direct approaches being made to this end, a number of county recorders
have failed to produce any information for inclusion in the following report,
therefore preventing a completely comprehensive summary to be produced.

Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) 107

Whilst additional, late records can be published in future appendices, it is always
preferable that they are included within the report relating to the year of
occurence. If readers have recorded (or are aware of) significant migrant records
from 2009 that are not in the current report but have been submitted to the
relevant county recorder, it can be assumed these have not been forwarded to the
author. The author would be pleased to receive such records, whilst recorders
should encourage their respective county recorders to make migrant records
available for inclusion in future reports.

County recorders, or those submitting large volumes of data are asked to sort their
data by vice-county, species name, and then by date order. Contributions are
particularly welcome in electronic format (pref. older versions of MS Excel) to the
author at the e-mail address given at the start of the report. Paper copies may also be
submitted to the postal address over the page. Should readers be aware of any
significant omissions or errors in this or earlier reports, these would be welcomed for
inclusion in future appendices. Contributors are also requested to provide the middle
initial(s) of recorders wherever possible to assist with the accreditation of records.

Recent reports have been extended to include the more interesting records of
adventives as these often help to establish the origin of other records or
colonisations of the respective or associated species. Extralimital records of
resident species that may be the result of immigration or internal vagrancy are also
included in reports. Records of this nature are therefore also welcome for
inclusion in future reports.

The following abbreviations have been adopted since the 2002 report. These
remain unaltered and exclude any variation in status found on the Channel Islands
(VC113). However the categorisation of individual species is reviewed annually in
the light of any recent/ongoing changes in status. A brief introductory statement
has also been added to the accounts for a number of listed resident species in order
to clarify the type of record that is included in these reports.

Abbreviations

[I] - Primary immigrant or the direct progeny of a primary immigrant. Where this
is the only category given, believed to relate to a species that is unable to maintain
a viable, self-sustaining resident population through a typical British winter.

[In] — Introduction or importation. A species artificially introduced into Britain by
man. Can include synanthropic species that are only able to sustain breeding
populations in Britain under conditions that do not occur naturally.

[MC] — Migrant Colonist. An immigrant species that has established extant, short-
term breeding populations in Britain, but these believed to have been present for
fewer than ten consecutive years.

[R] — Resident. A species with an established breeding population in Britain, this
having been present for a minimum of ten successive years.

108 Entomologist ’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

[FR] — Former Resident. A species that was formerly an established resident but
has no known resident populations in Britain at the time of writing.

[V] — Vagrant/wanderer. A species recorded well away from its known British
breeding range, but the record most likely to have been the result of internal,
domestic dispersal.

Channel Islands (VC113) records are no longer included in the main species
accounts due to their southerly position, locating them outside the biogeographical
area of Great Britain and Ireland. This often leads to differing statuses of listed
species within VC113 and occurrence patterns of immigrant species that are not
comparable with records in Great Britain and Ireland. However, records of recent
colonists and rare immigrants in VC113 can be precursors of arrivals in Britain, so
significant VC113 records are given in Annex 3.

ANNEX 1: RECORDS OF SCARCER SPECIES IN 2009

ZY GAENIDAE
0172a Pryeria sinica (Moore) Euonymus Leaf Notcher [In]
BERKSHIRE [22] Upper Bucklebury, 8.10, new to Britain (J. & K. Dobbins per MCH).

YPONOMEUTIDAE

0424 Yponomeuta evonymella (L.) [R][I/V]
Significant coastal influxes in southern Britain that may relate to immigrants.
W. SUSSEX [13] Pagham, 2.7 (235) (IL).

0428 Yponomeuta cagnagella (Hb.) [R][V/T]
Coastal records of possible immigrant examples.
W. CORNWALL [1] The Lizard, 28.6 (10) (Tunmore, 2010).

0449c Prays oleae Bernard [In}
; SURREY [17] Addlestone, 22.1, larval mines on olive in a garden centre (adults bred), first VC
record (ARM per JP, in Langmaid & Young, 2010).

0473 Acrolepiopsis assectella (Zell.) [R|[I/V]
Coastal/extralimital records of possible immigrant examples.
E. KENT [15] Ramsgate, 13.8 (Solly e¢ al., 2010). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 28.10 (MJD).

ETHMIIDAE
0718 Ethmia dodecea (Haw.) [R][I/V]
Coastal/extralimital records of possible immigrant examples.
E. KENT [15] Dymchurch, 25.6 (JEO); Kingsdown, 5.7 (Jarman & Morris, 2010).

0719 Ethmia quadrillella (Goeze) [R][I|[V]
Coastal records away from known populations.
E. KENT [15] Kingsdown, 9.8 (Jarman & Morris, 2010); Pegwell, 11.8 (Solly ef al., 2010). E.
SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 6.8, 7.8 (Deans, 2010).

GELECHIIDAE

0825a Tuta absoluta (Meyr.) [In|
E. GLOUCESTERSHIRE [33] Cheltenham, 20.12, larval mine in tomato imported from Spain (adult
bred) (R. Homan, in Langmaid & Young, 2010). YORKSHIRE [61/63] ‘Recorded from seven fruit
packing stations and two tomato production sites’ at undisclosed localities within these VC’s (FERA
per HEB, in Langmaid & Young, 2010). New to Britain.

0850

0857

Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) 109

Syncopacma polychromella (Rebel) [I] [In]

DORSET [9] Canford, late May (J. Elborn, in Davey, 2010). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Burton, 24.5 (J.
Southworth); Sandy Point, Hayling Island, 24.5 (Phillips & Johnson, 2010); first VC records.
WATERFORD [H6] Tramore, 30.5, new to Ireland (Bryant & Walsh, 2010).

Anarsia lineatella (Zell.) [1] [In]
W. KENT [16] Northward Hill, 8.7, first VC record (AMD, in Langmaid & Young, 2010).
MIDDLESEX [21] Barnet, 30.6 (RT per CWP).

TORTRICIDAE

0955

1070

1263

1262

Eupoecilia ambiguella (Hb.) [R|[V/T]
Coastal/extralimital records of possible immigrant examples.
S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn, 6.8, 13.8 (Spence, 2010).

Olethreutes mygindiana (D. & S..) [R]

[A record of a possible immigrant example of this northern species from Blean Woods [15] on 31.5
(TR, AGJB), published in Higgott & Davey (2010) and elsewhere, has been shown to be erroneous
and refer to an example of the common resident Celypha lacunana (D. & S.) (Higgott, 2010).]

Cydia inquinatana (Hb.) [1?]
E. SUFFOLK [25] Minsmere, 13.6, first confirmed British record (Harvey & Higgott, 2010).

Cydia amplana (Hb.) [I]

ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Totland, 3.8 (Knill-Jones, 2010). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Ashurst, 13.9 (per M.
Wall); Holbury, 11.8, 18.8 (per M. Wall). E. KENT [15] Kingsgate, 26.8 (Solly et al., 2010). E.
SUFFOLK [25] Ipswich, 6.8 (NS).

PYRALIDAE

1291

1314

1317

1322

Haimbachia cicatricella (Ab.) [I][MC?]
E. KENT [15] Greatstone, 5.7 (BBa).

Catoptria margaritella (D. & S.) [R][I/V]
Extralimital records of possible immigrant examples.
E. KENT [15] Kingsgate, 26.6 (Solly et al., 2010).

Catoptria verellus (Zinck.) [I]
ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Bonchurch, 31.5 (JH); Totland, 30.6 (SAK-J). E. KENT [15] Pegwell, 29.6
(FS); Westgate, 26.6 (TH).

Pediasia fascelinella (Ab.) [R][I/V]
Records of probable immigrant examples away from VC’s 25 & 27.
E. KENT [15] New Romney, 9.8 (AMT per SPC).

1355a Musotima nitidalis (Walk.) [In]

1359

1360

1368

1370

S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Merritown Heath, Hurn, 11.8, new to Britain; an Australasian species (DE, MJ).

Cynaeda dentalis (D. & S.) [R][V/T]

Records away from the known breeding range in coastal southern England, likely to relate to
wandering individuals.

W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s, 4.7, first Scillies record (Scott, 2010).

Hellula undalis (Fabr.) [I]
W. SUSSEX [14] Church Norton, 23.10 (BFS).

Loxostege sticticalis (L.) [I|[FR]

DORSET [9] Tolpuddle, 23.7 (JF, in Davey, 2010). W. SUSSEX [13] Ferring, 23.8 (THF per CRP).
E. KENT [15] Dymchurch, 14.7, 25.8, 18.9 [not 23.8 as given in Clancy, 2010] (JEO); Ruckinge,
14.5 (BBo).

Sitochroa palealis (D. & S.) [{1/V][R]

Coastal/extralimital records that may relate to immigrant examples.

DORSET [9] West Bexington, 9.8 (MJS). E. KENT [15] Dymchurch, 24.7 (JEO). E. SUFFOLK [25]
Bawdsey, 18.7, 25.7 (MJD).

110

1375

1389

1400

1403a

1404

1406a

1408

Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

Ostrinia nubilalis (Hb.) [R][I][V]

An established resident in south-east England, recently extending its range westward and northward,
and consequently records have not been included in the current report from the southern and eastern
seaboard counties between VC’s 9 & 27, and inland to VC’s 12, 16 & 17. The following records are
probably the result of internal range expansion, although fresh immigration from the continent is a
possibility, particularly for the more coastal records.

W. CORNWALL [1] Cury, 25.6 (FTJ); The Lizard, June 28-30 (2) (Tunmore, 2010). E.
CORNWALL [2] Menheniot, 4.7 (AECA per LACT). S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Easington, 3.7 (MFS
per BRS); Kilnsea, 28.6, 2.7, 3.7 (BRS, PAC per CHF).

Udea fulvalis (Hb.) [1/V][R]
Records outside VC’s 9, 10 & 11.
W. SUSSEX [13] Ferring, 28.7, first VC record (THF per CRP).

Antigastra catalaunalis (Dup.) [I]
DORSET [9] Durlston, 10.10 (MJD et ai.).

Duponchella fovealis (Zell.) [1] [In]

W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s, 27.9, 20.10, 24.10 (indoors having emerged from
house-plant), first VC records (Scott, 2010). DORSET [9] Wimborne, 2.9, at light (R. Steedman, in
Davey, 2010). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Brockenhurst, 1.7 (RBW). HERTFORDSHIRE [20] Bishops
Stortford, 8.9, at light (TJL per CWP). MIDDLESEX [21] Barnet, 15.9, at light (RT per CWP);
Hornsey, 12.8, at light (MA per CWP). MID-W. YORKSHIRE [64] Menston, 7.2, first VC record
(per HEB, in Langmaid & Young, 2010). S. NORTHUMBERLAND [67] Fenham, 12.10, first VC
record (per TJT, in Langmaid & Young, 2010).

Spoladea recurvalis (Fabr.) [I]
W. CORNWALL [1] Trewellard, 27.10 (J. Foster). DERBYSHIRE [57] Foremark Reservoir, 25.10
(D. Budworth). AYRSHIRE [75] Minishant, 30.10, new to Scotland (Smith, 2010).

Herpetogramma licarsisalis (Walk.) [I]
ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Totland, 28.10 (SAK-J).

Palpita vitrealis (Rossi) [I]

Total no. reported: 17 ;

By vice-county: 1 (5); 2 (1); 3 (1); 9 (7); 10 (1); 15 (2).

W. CORNWALL [1] Buryas Bridge, 27.10 (LO); Cury Cross Lanes, 28.10 (Tunmore, 2010); IOS:
Longstone, St Mary’s, 22.10, 30.10 (Scott, 2009a); IOS: St Agnes, 10.10 (Scott, 2010). E.
CORNWALL [2] Marsland, 27.10 (SO). S. DEVON [3] Uplyme, 23.10 (AK). DORSET [9]
Broadwey, 27.10, 31.10 (PH); Durlston, 28.10 (2) (BFS); Portland Bird Observatory, July (1),
October (1) (Cade, 2010); West Bexington, 2.11 (RE). ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Bonchurch, 22.7 (JH).
E. KENT [15] Pegwell, 28.10 (FS per IDF); Sissinghurst, 28.10 (SJB).

Ce eet Bb eo

Figure 1. Occurrence times of Palpita vitrealis during 2009 (dated records).

1409a

Cydalima perspectalis (Walk.) [In]

E. KENT [15] Biddenden, 21.9 (SJB per SPC). SURREY [17] No date or locality available, larvae
found in a plant nursery (per FERA). S. ESSEX [18] Leigh-on-sea, 18.9, first VC record (GB). See
also Appendix 2.

1410

1430

1435

1441

1449

14Sla

1454

1454b

1461

1467

1472

1475

1479

Entomologist ’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) 111

Agrotera nemoralis (Scop.) [R][V/I]
Extralimital records of possible immigrants.
E. CORNWALL [2] Kilminorth Wood, 1.7, first VC record (PHB per LACT).

Paralipsa gularis (Zell.) [In]
W. SUSSEX [13] Pagham, 31.7 (IL).

Conobathra tumidana (D. & S.) [I]

E. KENT [15] Dymchurch, 31.7 (JEO); Lydd-on-sea, 5.8 (DB); New Romney, 4.8 (AMT per SPC);
St Margaret’s at Cliffe, 4.8 (Jarman & Morris, 2010). W. KENT [16] Orpington, 30.6 (PAS per IDF).
E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 12.8 (Deans, 2010).

Oncocera semirubella (Scop.) [R][V/I]
Coastal/extralimital records of probable immigrant/vagrant examples.
E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 12.7 (Deans, 2010).

Elegia similella (Zinck.) [R][I/V]
Coastal records away from known populations that may relate to immigrants.
S. DEVON [3] Uplyme, 21.6 (AK).

Etiella zinckenella (Treits.) [1] [In]
LEICESTERSHIRE [55] Leicester, 13.7, first VC record (AJM).

Dioryctria abietella (D. & S.) [R][]][V]
Coastal records away from suitable breeding habitat that may relate to immigrants.
E. SUFFOLK [25] Reydon, 7.8 (AC). S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn, 3.7 (Spence, 2010).

Dioryctria sylvestrella (Ratz.) [R][I][V]

Now breeding locally in southern and south-east England, the following coastal or extralimital
records may relate to fresh immigration or internal vagrancy.

E. KENT [15] Greatstone, 6.8 (BBa); St Margaret’s at Cliffe, 8.8, 12.8 (Jarman & Morris, 2010). E.
SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 18.7 - 11.8 (7) (Deans, 2010).

Assara terebrella (Zinck.) [R][I/V]

Coastal records away from habitat that may relate to immigrant examples.

DORSET [9] Portland Bird Observatory, 22.6 (Cade, 2010). E. KENT [15] Dymchurch, 1.8 (JEO).
E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 20.5 (Deans, 2010).

Ancylosis oblitella (Dup.) [R][I/V]

Extralimital/coastal records with a potentially immigrant origin.

N. HAMPSHIRE [12] Pamber Forest, 13.7 (DGG). E. KENT [15] Dymchurch, 25.8 (JEO). E.
SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 16.8, 12.9 (MJD).

Euzophera bigella (Zell.) [In] [I]
W. SUSSEX [13] Walberton, 22.9 (JTR per CRP).

Ephestia kuehniella (Zell.) [In] [I]
HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] Elton, 10.1, first VC record (per BD, in Langmaid & Young, 2010).

Plodia interpunctella (Hb.) [In]
MORAYSHIRE [95] Boat of Garten, 4.1, first VC record (per MRY, in Langmaid & Young, 2010).

PTEROPHORIDAE

1496

Cnaemidophorus rhododactyla (D. & S.) [R][I/V]
Coastal/extralimital records that may relate to immigrants.
ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Bonchurch, 16.7, first VC record (Knill-Jones, 2010).

PAPILIONIDAE

1539

Papilio machaon (L.) Swallowtail [R] [I] [In?]
The following records are all likely to relate to continental race gorganus (Fruhs.).
E. SUSSEX [14] Robertsbridge, 22.8 (Bogue, 2009), 27.8 (J. Palfrey per CRP).

bie Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

PIERIDAE
1543 =Colias hyale/alfacariensis Pale/Berger’s Clouded Yellow [I]
/44 ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Ventnor, 14.10 (P. Cramp per SAK-J).

1549 ‘Pieris brassicae (L.) Large White [R] [I]
High coastal counts or light-trap records potentially relating to primary migrants.
W. CORNWALL [1] Church Cove, Lizard, 12.8 (140) (MT). S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn, 8.8
(c.7000 flying south) (Spence, 2010).

LYCAENIDAE
1570 = Everes argiades (Pallas) Short-tailed Blue [I] [In]
DORSET [9] Broadcroft Quarry, Portland, 5.8 (Cade, 2010).

NYMPHALIDAE

1594 Nymphalis polychloros (L.) Large Tortoiseshell [I][In?][FR][MC?]
ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Blackwater, 12.7 (Knill-Jones, 2010); Whippingham, 19.3, 20.3, 30.3 (2)
(Knill-Jones, 2010). E. SUSSEX [14] East Dean, 15.5 (D. Jode per CRP).

1603 = Issoria lathonia (L.) Queen of Spain Fritillary [I][MC?][In?]
W. SUSSEX [13] Brandy Hole Copse, Chichester, 14.7, 22.9 (3+), 25.9 (5+), 4.10 (5), 8.10 (5),
10.10 (2), 12.10 (2), 15.10, 1.11; all these records believed to be the result of local breeding (Pratt &
Hulme, 2010). SURREY [17] Holmbury St Mary, 11.8 (A. Waters).
[A probable J. lathonia flew south at Gibraltar Point [54] on 14.9 (per B. Hedley). ]

DANAIDAE

1630 Danaus plexippus (L.) Monarch [I][In]
W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Lower Moors, St Mary’s, 24.10 (Scott, 2010); IOS: St Agnes, 10.10 (2,
with one still present on 11.10) (Scott, 2010). ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Carisbrooke, 29.9 (Knill-Jones,
2010). E. KENT [15] Bockhill, 9.10 (Jarman & Morris, 2010).

1630a Danaus chrysippus (L.) Plain Tiger [In?]
ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Newton NNR, 1.6 (Knill-Jones, 2010).

SATURNITIDAE
1643a Saturnia pyri (D. & S.) Great Peacock Moth [In]
S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Stubbington, 6.5 (det. M. Gwilliam per M. Wall).

DREPANIDAE

1649 Drepana curvatula (Borkh.) Dusky Hook-tip [I]
W. SUSSEX [13] Haywards Heath, 24.8 (PL). E. KENT [15] Folkestone, 31.7 (TR); Hythe, 24.8
(JK); Lydd-on-sea, 5.8 (B. Dinsley). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 2.8, first VC record (Deans, 2010).

GEOMETRIDAE

1664 Aplasta ononaria (Fuessl.) Rest Harrow [R][I][V]
Records away from known populations in VC15.
E. KENT [15] Dungeness, 9.8 (DW). W. KENT [16] Grain, 19.8 (AGJB per IDF). N. ESSEX [19] St
Osyth, 19.8 (CA). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 4.8 (Deans, 2010); Landguard, 7.8 (NO).

1672 Thalera fimbrialis (Scop.) Sussex Emerald [R][I][V][MC]
Records away from the known population in VC15.
E. KENT [15] Kingsdown, 2.7, 13.7 (NJ).

1678 Cyclophora puppillaria (Hb.) Blair’s Mocha [I][MC]
Total no. reported: 42
By vice-county: 1 (2); 10 (7); 11 (10); 13 (19); 15 (4).
W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s, 14.10, 18.10 (Scott, 2010). ISLE OF WIGHT [10]
Bonchurch, 21.4, 29.4, 18.10 (JH); Freshwater, 13.10, 14.10, 21.10 (D. Cooke), 27.10 (DBW per
SAK-J). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Hayling Island, 23.7 — 27.10 (8) (per T. Norriss); Southsea, 8.8 (JRL);
Stubbington, 29.10 (D. Houghton). W. SUSSEX [13] Ferring, 13.5 — 30.10 (88), a breeding
population (THF), inc. 27.6, 25.7, 31.7 (7), 3.8 (THF per CRP); West Wittering, 18.9, 19.9 (4), 23.9,
30.9 (3) (DL per CRP). E. KENT [15] Biddenden, 27.10 (SJB); Dymchurch, 28.8 (JEO); Greatstone,
4.10 (BBa); Pegwell, 6.10 (Solly et al., 2010).

Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) His

ay

c&
E83 digger lage Ot aveay SH Ohaye

Figure 2. Occurrence times of Cyclophora puppillaria during 2009 (dated records).

1678a_ Cyclophora ruficiliaria (H.-S.) Jersey Mocha [I][MC]
E. KENT [15] Densole, 27.8 (TR).

1684 Scopula nigropunctata (Hufn.) Sub-angled Wave [R][I[V]
Records away from known populations in VC15 that may relate to immigrants.
E. KENT [15] Dymchurch, 14.7 (JEO).

1688 Scopula rubiginata (Hufn.) Tawny Wave [R][I][V]
Records away from known breeding colonies of this species in VC25. Coastal records from VC25
are included but may be associated with resident populations.
ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Totland, 4.8, first VC record (Knill-Jones, 2010). E. KENT [15] Pegwell Bay,
10.8 (TR).

1696 Idaea ochrata (Scop.) Bright Wave [R][I/V]
Records away from the known populations in VC15.
DORSET [9] Beaminster, 1.7 (SP, in Davey, 2010).

1714 Idaea degeneraria (Hb.) Portland Ribbon Wave [R][I/V]
Coastal records away from VC9, or autumn records, that may relate to immigrants, vagrants or
undiscovered colonies.
W. CORNWALL [1] Budock Water, 3.6 (Davis, 2010); Maenporth, 29.6, 7.9 (Davis, 2010). S.
DEVON [3] Uplyme, 22.9 (AK). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Highcliffe, 1.6 — 23.9 (4) (per T. Norriss);
Titchfield, 31.7 (per T. Norriss).

1888b Stegania cararia (Hb.) Ringed Border [I]
S. SOMERSET [5] Merriot, Crewkerne, 1.7, new to Britain (RC).

1894 Chiasmia clathrata (L.) Latticed Heath [R][I/V]
Coastal records believed to relate immigration.
S. DEVON [3] Uplyme, 19.8, 23.8 (AK). DORSET [9] Portland, 4-26.8 (21) (Cade, 2010);
Walditch, 23.8 (Parsons, 2010); West Bexington, 23.8 (16), 24.8 (5), 26.8 (4), 28.8 (Eden, 2010).
ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Totland, 21.8 (SAK-J). W. SUSSEX [13] Ferring, 23.8 (THF). E. SUFFOLK
[25] Bawdsey, 11.8 (4) (MJD).

1894a Chiasmia aestimaria (Hb.) Tamarisk Peacock [I]
E. KENT [15] St Margaret’s-at-Cliffe, 7.9 (A.J. Morris per NJ).

1896 JItame brunneata (Thunb.) Rannoch Looper [R][I]
Extralimital records likely to relate to immigrants.
Total no. reported: 158
By vice-county: 1 (5); 5 (2); 7 (1); 9 (4); 11 (4); 12 (2); 13 (2); 14 (12); 15 (77); 16 (4); 17 (3); 18
(3); 19 (3); 20 (2); 22 (5); 25 (20); 26 (1); 28 (2); 30 (1); 34 (1); 36 (1); 38 (2); 40 (1).
W. CORNWALL [1] Budock Water, 3.6 (Davis, 2010); Cury, 1.6 (FTJ); IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s, 3.6
(Scott, 2010); Maenporth, 9.6 (Davis, 2010); Sennen, 2.6 (ME); the first VC records. S. SOMERSET
[5] Taunton, 3.6 (M. Barry); Whitefield, 5.6 (PT). N. WILTSHIRE (7) Swindon, 26.6 (MST).
DORSET [9] Portland Bird Observatory, 31.5 [not 1.6 as given in Cade, 2010] (MC per BFS); Shaggs,

114 Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

3.6 (LHW); Shapwick, 28.6 (Davey, 2010); Tolpuddle, 30.6 (JF). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Cadnam, 5.6
(M. Pugh); Highcliffe, 30.5, 27.6 (R, Chapman); Wickham, 1.6 (J. Shillitoe). N. HAMPSHIRE [12]
Alton, 31.5 (NDP); Cholderton, 3.6 (HE). W. SUSSEX [13] Shoreham, 30.5 (P. Green); Walberton, 2.6
(JTR). E. SUSSEX [14] Beckley, 25.6 (DNB); Bexhill, 30.5 (JS); Etchingham, 31.5, 1.6, 2.6 (CM);
Friston, 3.6, 25.6 (MB); Icklesham, 31.5, 25.6 (Hunter, 2010); Netherfield, 2.6 (SW); Peasmarsh, 3.6
(MFB); Petley Wood, 28.6 (SW). E. KENT [15] Ashford, 25.6 (DCG); East Blean Wood, 12.6 (2), 13.6
(2), 27.6 (2) (AGJB, JHC); Bockhill, 13.6 (Jarman & Morris, 2010); Canterbury, 2.7 (JSR); Covert
Wood, 15.6 (AGJB); Denstead Wood, 31.5 (6), 11.6 (AGJB); Dymchurch, 31.5 (JEO); Grain, 27.6 (2)
(AGJB); Greatstone, 31.5 (BBa); Kingsdown, 9.6 (5), 13.6, 30.6 (Jarman & Morris, 2010); Kingsgate,
4.6, 9.6 (3), 10.6 (5), 11.6, 12.6 (2), 27.6 (Solly et al., 2010); New Romney, 2.6, 3.6 (KR); Pegwell,
30.5, 31.5 (2), 1.6, 10.6 (4), 13.6, 29.6 (Solly et al., 2010); Ramsgate, 29.5, 30.5 (2), 10.6, 26.6 (Solly
et al., 2010); Ruckinge, 26.6 (BBo); St Margaret’s at Cliffe, 9.6, 10.6, 26.6 (TM per BFS); Sandwich,
9.6 (7), 10.6 (2), 11.6, 12.6, 30.6 (TH); Sholden, 31.5 (L. Hirst). W. KENT [16] Grain, 27.6 (2) (AGJB
per IDF); Green Street Green, 30.5 (PS); Shorne, 26.6 (DC per IDF). SURREY [17] Buckland, 30.5
(CH); Frimley, 31.5 (RJR); Ashtead, 1.6 (JK). S. ESSEX [18] Maldon, 30.5, 16.6, 25.6 (RN, S. Wood).
N. ESSEX [19] Great Clacton, 12.6 (G. Swayne); Great Totham, 31.5 (P. Darn); Old Hall Marshes,
26.6 (A. Cook). HERTFORDSHIRE [20] Hertford, 25.6 (AW per CWP); Sawbridgeworth Marsh, 31.5
(TG). BERKSHIRE [22] Abingdon, 31.5 (per BFS); Maidenhead, 27.6 (M. Finch per BFS); Windsor
Great Park 1.6 (2) (D. White, LJF per BFS); Wokingham, 31.5 (per BFS). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey,
9.6, 12.6 (2) (Deans, 2010); Blythburgh, 9.6, 10.6 (DEW); Bradwell, 11.6 (KK); Dunwich Heath, 9.6
(2) (Moore & Deans, 2010); Eye, 26.6 (PK); Ipswich, 30.5 (NS); Minsmere, 9.6 (3), 13.6 (4), 15.6
(RMH); Orfordness, 12.6 (MCM); Rushmere St Andrew, 12.6 (JBH). W. SUFFOLK [26] Lakenheath,
12.6 (MJD). W. NORFOLK [28] Scolt Head NNR, 13.6 (N. Lawton); Watton, 12.6 (C. Pye). W.
GLOUCESTERSHIRE [34] Horsley, 2.6 (P. Cranswick). BEDFORDSHIRE [30] Eaton Ford, 31.5
(AAL). HEREFORDSHIRE [36] Whitchurch, 1.6 (R. Hemming). WARWICKSHIRE [38] Temple
Grafton, 25.6 (AFG); Waverley Wood, 25.6 (AP, VW), first VC records. SHROPSHIRE [40] Wyre
Forest, 27.6 (JC).

AS

QT Mie OL Pct YEA day BES-Retiang (inti Ron bss Raha RE Hs Chora Gnd YF ontaat Behn dash 4

Figure 3. Occurrence times of immigrant [tame brunneata during 2009.

1901 Cepphis advenaria (Hb.) Little Thorn [R][V/T]
Coastal or extralimital records potentially relating to immigrants.
W. CORNWALL [1] Maenporth, 22.6 (Davis, 2010). S. DEVON [3] Starcross, 6-9.7 (Gould, 2011).
ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Bonchurch, 25.5, 29.5 (JH).

1918 Selenia lunularia (Hb.) Lunar Thorn [R][I/V]
Coastal records of possible immigrant specimens, the majority of these away from suitable habitat

and/or relating to second-brood examples.
E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 7.8 (Deans, 2010).

1921a Crocallis dardoinaria (Donzel) Dusky Scalloped Oak [I]
DORSET [9] West Bexington, 22.8, first VC and second British record (PHS, DF).

1936a Menophra japygiaria (Costa) Brassy Waved Umber [I/In]
E. CORNWALL [2] Saltash, 21.5, new to Britain (E. Griffiths, in Truscott, 2010).

1965a Pseudocoremia suavis (Butler) Common Forest Looper [In]
W. CORNWALL [1] Greatwork, 11.6, 12.10 (TJ).

Entomologist 's Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) 115

SPHINGIDAE

1973. Acherontia atropos (L.) Death’s-head Hawk-moth [I] [In]
E. CORNWALL [2] Egloshayle, 26.8 (M. Bower per LACT). E. SUSSEX [14] Barcombe Mills,
19.8 (D. Brown, F. Southgate per CRP). E. KENT [15] Eastwell, nr. Ashford, 18.10 (per O.
Leyshon). HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] Little Paxton, 24.9, larva (per BD, via P. Bissell).
BANFFSHIRE [94] Dufftown, 8.9 (A. Stubbs per RLe).

LIMERICK [H8] Castletroy, 28.10 (Walsh et al., 2011). DONEGAL [H35] Letterkenny, 9.9

(Walsh et al., 2011).

1985 Daphnis nerii (L.) Oleander Hawk-moth [I] [In]
[A newly emerged adult reported in Sheffield [63] on 19.6 (B. Trevelyan per CHF) but not
substantiated by a specimen or photograph. ]

1986 Ayles euphorbiae (L.) Spurge Hawk-moth [I][In]
E. KENT [15] Densole, 26.6 (TR); Pegwell, 26.6 (Solly et al., 2010). W. KENT [16] Hawkhurst,
c.9.7, three larvae in a plant nursery (per IDF, via C. Orpin).

1987 Abyles gallii (Rott.) Bedstraw Hawk-moth [Ij[R]
DORSET [9] Portland Bird Observatory, 15.7 (Cade, 2010). N. HAMPSHIRE [12] Alresford, 10.7,
by day (per T. Norriss). STAFFORDSHIRE [39] Wednesbury, 22.9 (T. Wood per DG).

1990 Alyles livornica (Esp.) Striped Hawk-moth [I]
Total no. reported: 69
By vice-county: 1 (8); 2 (1); 3 (1); 8 (1); 9 (13); 10 (1); 11 (1); 13 (3); 14 (2); 15 (10); 16 (1); 23 (1);
25 (4); 28 (1); 33 (1); 36 (1); H1 (3); H3 (10); H6 (5); H9 (1).
W. CORNWALL [1] Cury, 23.5 (FTJ); Church Cove, 28.5 (MT); IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s, 22.5
(2) (Scott, 2010); Poldhu, 28.5 (2), 13.6 (B. Jupp); Maenporth, 31.5 (Davis, 2010). E. CORNWALL
[2] Downderry, 29.9 (SCM per LACT). S. DEVON [3] Uplyme, 27.5 (AK). S. WILTSHIRE [8] No
site, 24.5 (per T. Norriss). DORSET [9] Charmouth, 26.5, 24.8 (GS); Dorchester, 9.8 (J. Down);
Portland Bird Observatory, June (1), August (1), September (2) (Cade, 2010); Puddletown, 30.5, 1.6
(HWH); Studland, 31.8 (DCGB); Walditch, 19.8 (Parsons, 2010); West Bexington, 25.5 (MJS), 3.9
(Eden, 2010). ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Totland, 23.8 (Knill-Jones, 2010). S. HAMPSHIRE [11]
Eastleigh, 30.5 (per T. Norriss). W. SUSSEX [13] Ferring, 26.8 (THF per CRP); Pagham, 28.5 (IL
per CRP); Ringmer, 5.9 (AB per CRP). E. SUSSEX [14] Lindfield, 25.5 (R. Foreman per CRP);
Wadhurst, 25.5 (AECA per CRP). E. KENT [15] Dymchurch, 25.5 (3) (JEO); Kingsgate, 27.5 (2)
(FS per IDF); New Romney, 30.5 (KR); Pegwell, 25.5, 31.5 (FS per IDF); Ramsgate, 24.8 (PM per
IDF); Whitfield, 1.9 (P. Martin per IDF). W. KENT [16] Lamberhurst, 27.5 (M. Tomlins per IDF).
OXFORDSHIRE [23] Littlemore, 2.6 (D. Redhead per MCT). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 26.5,
28.5, 31.8 (Deans, 2010); Landguard, 26.5 (Odin, 2010). W. NORFOLK [28] Scolt Head NNR, 31.5
(N. Lawton). E. GLOUCESTERSHIRE [33] Swifts Hill, 28.6 (MM per RGG). HEREFORDSHIRE
[36] Bodenham, 27.5 (R. Hemming).
KERRY [H1] Ballyferriter, 30.5 (2), 1.6 (J. Crosher, in Walsh et al., 2011). W. CORK [H3]
Clonakilty, 8.6, 9.6 (P. Rose, in Walsh et al., 2011); Dursey Island, 30.5 (3), 31.5 (3), 1.6 (2) (D.
Scott, in Walsh ef al., 2011). WATERFORD [H6] Brownstown, 31.5 (3), 4.6 (Bryant & Walsh,
2010); Great Newtown Head, 31.5 (Bryant & Walsh, 2010). CLARE [H9] Derrainey, 1.6 (KGMB, in
Walsh et al., 2011).

bo

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ee

x
Oya

BOK Bienen] RO BBG SRR aay TSG | ROG CHBeys TS Beg

Figure 4. Occurrence times of Hyles livornica during 2009 (dated records).

116 Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

1993 Hippotion celerio (L.) Silver-striped Hawk-moth [I]
DORSET [9] Portland Bird Observatory, 7.9, 18.10 (Cade, 2010). W. SUSSEX [13] Crawley Down,
7.10 (JHC); Portslade, c.14.10 (F. Selkirk); Walberton, 13.11 (JTR). E. SUSSEX [14] Heathfield,
19.8 (DRML). S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Muston, 16.7 (PQW per CHF); Spurn, 28.8 (Spence, 2010).
WESTMORLAND [69] Roudsea Moss, 27.7 (JK).

NOTODONTIDAE
2018 Clostera anachoreta (D. & S.) Scarce Chocolate-tip [I][FR][MC?]
Excluding records from the Dungeness area in VC15 where a breeding colony is probably extant.
E. KENT [15] Kingsgate, 27.7 (Solly et al., 2010); Pegwell, 28.7, 31.7 (3), 13.8 (Solly et al., 2010);
Ramsgate, 20.7 (Solly et al., 2010); St Margaret’s at Cliffe, 26.7 (Jarman & Morris, 2010).
LYMANTRIIDAE
2031 Leucoma salicis (L.) White Satin [R][I/V]
Extralimital, coastal records of possible immigrants.
W. CORNWALL [1] The Lizard, 28.6, 2.7 (Tunmore, 2010). S. DEVON [3] Uplyme, 29.6 (2) (AK).
DORSET [9] Portland, 29.6 (3) (Cade, 2010). S. NORTHUMBERLAND [67] Tynemouth, 30.6 (TJT).

2034 Lymantria dispar (L.) Gypsy Moth [I][FR] [In]
Not including records associated with introduced resident populations in the London area and on the
Dorset/Hampshire border.
N. HAMPSHIRE [12] Liss, August, 4 adults recorded during month, thought to relate to an artificial
introduction (per T. Norriss). E. KENT [15] Folkestone, 31.7, 4.8, 11.8 (TR per IDF), 19.8 (BFS). E.
SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 10.8 (Deans, 2010).

ARCTITIDAE

2045 Eilema caniola (Hb.) Hoary Footman [R][I/V]
Coastal, extralimital records considered most likely to relate to immigrant examples.
DORSET [9] West Bexington, 27.8 (RE, in Davey, 2010). KENT [15] Pegwell, 13.7, 14.7 (Solly et
al., 2010).

2046 Eilema pygmaeola (Doubl.) Pigmy Footman [R][V/I]
Records away from suitable habitat in VC’s 15 & 27.
E. SUFFOLK [25] Dunwich Heath, 25.6 (Moore & Deans, 2010).

2051 = Lithosia quadra (L.) Four-spotted Footman [R] [I]
Extralimital, coastal records of probable immigrants.
W. SUSSEX [13] Ferring, 25.6 (THF per CRP); Walberton, c.10.10 (JTR per CRP); West Wittering,
26.10 (DL per CRP). E. SUSSEX [14] Friston, 22.7 (5), 13.8, 21.9, 22.9, 7.10 (MB per CRP); Hurst
Green, 28.6 (M. Phillips per CRP). E. KENT [15] Dymchurch, 20.7 (JEO); Dungeness, 19.9 (MPS et
al.); Folkestone, 4.8 (TR per IDF); New Romney, 20.8 (AMT); Pegwell, 11.8 (Solly et al., 2010);
Ruckinge, 19.9 (BBo). E. NORFOLK [27] Buxton Heath, 27.6 (R. Lee per J. Wheeler).

2067 Euplagia quadripunctaria (Poda) Jersey Tiger [R][I/V]
Records away from known resident populations in VC’s 2, 3, 9, 10, 16 & 17.
W. SUSSEX [13] Pagham, 22.8 (IL per CRP); Ringmer, 6.8 (P. Winter per CRP). E. SUSSEX [14]
Icklesham, 15.8 (Hunter, 2010); Winchelsea, 8.8 (LL per CRP). E. KENT [15] Folkestone, late
July/August (14) (TR). S. LINCOLNSHIRE [53] Nr. Lincoln, 11.8 (MG).

CTENUCHIDAE

2074a Antichloris eriphia (Fabr.) Banana Stowaway [In]
ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Newport, mid-October, empty pupal case found on supermarket bananas (N.
Green per SAK-J). BANFFSHIRE [94] Dufftown, 2.10, in a crate of bananas imported from Costa
Rica, first VC record (W. Bourne per RLe, det. MRY).

NOLIDAE

2076 Meganola albula (D. & S.) Kent Black Arches [R][V/T]
Coastal/extralimital records, likely to relate to internal dispersal or immigration.
W. CORNWALL [1] Buryas Bridge, 20.7 (LO).

2079 Nola aerugula (Hb.) Scarce Black Arches [I]
DORSET [9] Wyke Regis, 2.7 (DF, in Davey, 2010). E. KENT [15] Kingsdown, 27.6 (Jarman &
Morris, 2010); Kingsgate, 27.6, 2.7, 4.7 (2) (Solly et al., 2010). W. KENT [16] Grain, 26.6 (2), 27.6
(AGJB). E. NORFOLK [27] Eccles-on-sea, 3.7, 9.7 (Bowman, 2010).

Entomologist’ Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) {T7

NOCTUIDAE

2080

2099

2104

2107

2137

2140

2160a

2183

2194

2208

2223

2226

Euxoa obelisca (D. & S.) Square-spot Dart [R][V/T]
Extralimital records that may refer to immigrants.
ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Bonchurch, 10.9 (JH).

Actebia praecox (L.) Portland Moth [R][I/V]
Extralimital records that may relate to immigrant examples.
E. KENT [15] Lydd-on-sea, 24.8 (B. Dinsley).

Standfussiana lucernea (L.) Northern Rustic [R][I/V]
Extralimital, coastal records with a potentially immigrant origin.
E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 6.8, first VC record (MJD).

Noctua pronuba (L.) Large Yellow Underwing [R] [I]
Significant coastal influxes likely to indicate large immigrations.
E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 20.7 (c.1500), 25.7 (c.1000) (MJD).

Eurois occulta (L.) Great Brocade [I][R]
The following record is thought to relate to the pale immigrant form.
E. NORFOLK [27] Bowthorpe, Norwich, 4.7 (M. Beale per J. Wheeler).

Cerastis leucographa (D. & S.) White-marked [R] [I]
Extralimital records of potential immigrants.
E. KENT [15] Beltinge, 10.4 (BH).

Lacanobia splendens (Hb.) Splendid Brocade [I]
S. DEVON [3] Whiddon Down, 29.6 (RW). E. KENT [15] Dungeness, 27.6 (BBa); Dymchurch,
14.7 (JEO).

Orthosia miniosa (D. & S.) Blossom Underwing [R][I/V]

Coastal or extralimital records that may relate to immigrants.

S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Sandy Point, Hayling Island, 11.4 (Phillips & Johnson, 2010). E. KENT [15]
Dungeness, 15.4 (2) (Clancy, 2010); Greatstone, 11.4 (Clancy, 2010); Lydd-on-sea, 9.4 (Clancy,
2010); Pegwell, 8.4 (Solly et al., 2010); Ramsgate, 7.4, 10.4 (Solly et al., 2010). S.E. YORKSHIRE
[61] Easington, 12.4 (MFS per BRS); Spurn, 10.4 (Spence, 2010); first VC records. MID-W.
YORKSHIRE [64] Burley-in-Wharfedale, 14.4 (PAR per CHF).

Mythimna albipuncta (D. & S.) White-point [R][I/V]

An established resident within the southern and eastern seaboard counties between VC’s 3 & 28, and
inland to include VC’s 12, 16, 17, 20, 22 & 26; records are only listed from outside this area,
although many of those listed are likely to be associated with an ongoing range expansion.

W. CORNWALL [1] The Lizard, October (1) (Tunmore, 2010). E. CORNWALL [2] Downderry,
18.9 (SCM per LACT). HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] Earith, 14.8 (D. Griffiths per BD); Holmewood
Hall, 12.8 (P. Horsenail per BD). NORTHAMPTONSHIRE [32] Woodnewton, 21.10 (N. Smith per
JW). S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Atwick, 22.8, 24.8 (WMC per CHF); Kilnsea, 11.8, 16.8, 23.8, 22.10
(PAC, BRS per CHF).

Mythimna loreyi (Dup.) Cosmopolitan [I]

W. CORNWALL [1] The Lizard, 27.10, 28.10 (Tunmore, 2010). DORSET [9] Shaggs, 27.10 (LJH,
in Davey, 2010).

WICKLOW [H20] Cronykeery, 30.10 (AT, in Walsh ef al., 2011).

Calophasia tunula (Hufn.) Toadflax Brocade [R][V/I]

A localised resident in the southern seaboard counties between VC’s 13 & 25, and VC’s 16 & 21;
records from these VC‘s are excluded as they are likely to originate from breeding populations.
DORSET [9] Portland Bird Observatory, 8.8 (Cade, 2010).

Leucochlaena oditis (Hb.) Beautiful Gothic [R][I/V]
Extralimital records that may relate to immigrants.
W. CORNWALL [1] Lizard, 22.10 (MT).

118

2241

Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

Xylena vetusta (Hb.) Red Sword-grass [R][I][V]

Records of a potentially immigrant origin.

W. CORNWALL [1] Cury Cross Lanes, 22.10 (Tunmore, 2010); Siblyback Moor, 15.10 (LO).
DORSET [9] Portland Bird Observatory, 27.10 (Cade, 2010). ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Totland, 10.3
(SAK-J). S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn, 30.3, 2.4, 23.4, 15.10 (Spence, 2010).

2248b Dryobotodes tenebrosa (Esp.) Sombre Brocade [I][MC]

2251

DORSET [9] Durlston, 29.9, 5.10, 9.10, 10.10 (PAD, MJD et al.); only one previous record from the
same locality in 2008 (see Clancy, 2011), these records likely to relate to locally bred moths.

Trigonophora flammea (Esp.) Flame Brocade [I][FR][MC?]

Total no. reported: 20

By vice-county: 9 (8); 10 (6); 11 (3); 13 (3).

DORSET [9] Durlston, 26.10 (AJK), 28.10 (PAD), 29.10 (2) (BFS), 30.10 (PAD); Langton
Matravers, 26.10 (DCGB); Portland Bird Observatory, 11.10 (Cade, 2010); West Bexington, 28.10
(Eden, 2010). ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Bonchurch, 22.10, 30.10 (Knill-Jones, 2010); Freshwater,
22.10 (D. Cooke); Totland, 21.10, 22.10, 27.10 (Knill-Jones, 2010). S. HAMPSHIRE [11]
Lymington, 30.10 (per T. Norriss); Sandy Point, Hayling Island, 22.10, 23.10 (Phillips & Johnson,
2010). W. SUSSEX [13] Earnley, 5.10 (JH); West Wittering, 23.10, 26.10 (DL).

Figure 5. Occurrence times of Trigonophora flammea during 2009.

2261

2275

2276

2292

Conistra erythrocephala (D. & S.) Red-headed Chestnut [I] [MC?]

DORSET [9] Durlston, 28.10 (R. Hilton); Langton Matravers, 29.10 (DCGB). S. HAMPSHIRE [11]
Sandy Point, Hayling Island, 30.10 (Phillips & Johnson, 2010); West Town, Hayling Island, 28.10
(GSAS, in Phillips & Johnson, 2010). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 2.11 (Deans, 2010).

Xanthia gilvago (D. & S.) Dusky-lemon Sallow [R][V/T|

Coastal records away from suitable breeding habitat that may be the result of immigration.

S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Sandy Point, Hayling Island, 11.10 (Phillips & Johnson, 2010); Southsea, 2.10
(IRT). N. ESSEX [19] St Osyth, 18.9 (CA). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 19.9, 24.9, 29.9 (Deans,
2010); Reydon, 19.9 (2), 26.9 (AC).

Xanthia ocellaris (Borkh.) Pale-lemon Sallow [R][I][V]

Extralimital/coastal records that are likely to relate to immigrant examples.

S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Sandy Point, Hayling Island, 27.9 (Phillips & Johnson, 2010); Southsea, 29.9
(RT). E. KENT [15] Dymchurch, 16.10 (JEO).

Cryphia algae (Fab.) Tree-lichen Beauty [I][R]

Records listed exclude those clearly associated with the established resident populations in VC’s 10,
11, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21 & 25; although a number of records listed are more likely to relate to
internal range spread rather than primary immigration. ;

W. SUSSEX [13] Ferring, 25.7, 28.7, 31.7 (2) (THF per CRP); Pagham, 31.7 (2) (IL). E. SUSSEX
[14] Bexhill, 1.8, 25.8 (DC per CRP). E. KENT [15] Dungeness, 31.7 (JHC), 7.8 (BFS); Kingsdown
Beach & St Margaret’s at Cliffe, August (4) (Jarman & Morris, 2010). N. ESSEX [19] St Osyth, 19.8
(CA). E. SUFFOLK [25] Dunwich Heath, 15.8 (Moore & Deans, 2010); Ipswich, 10.8 (2) (NS);
Landguard, 28.7 — 7.8 (5) (Odin, 2010). HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] Earith, 23.8 (D. Griffiths per
BD).

2294

2304

2097

2328

2347

2348

2349

2357

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2392a

2401

2407a

2408

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Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) 119

Cryphia raptricula (D. & S.) Marbled Grey [I]
E. SUFFOLK [25] Landguard, 3.8 [not 4.8 as published in Odin, 2010, and elsewhere] (NO).

Trachea atriplicis (L.) Orache Moth [I] [FR]

DORSET [9] Puddletown, 16.7 (HWH). ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Totland, 18.7 (2), 1.8 (SAK-J). E.
SUSSEX [14] Friston, 22.7 (MB). E. KENT [15] Kingsgate, 28.7 (Solly et al., 2010). S.
LANCASHIRE [59] Broadgreen, Liverpool, 4.7, first VC record (DH per SMP). S.E. YORKSHIRE
[61] Easington, 25.6 (re-trapped on 26.6 & 28.6) (MFS per BRS).

Actinotia polyodon (Clerck) Purple Cloud [I]
S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn, 15.5, first VC record (Spence, 2010).

Apamea lateritia (Hufn.) Scarce Brindle [I]
SHETLAND ISLANDS [112] Fair Isle, 23.7 (P. Thompson per NJR).

Chortodes extrema (Hb.) Concolorous [R][IJ
Coastal records away from known resident populations.
E. KENT [15] Densole, 7.7 (TR); Kingsdown, 1.6 (Jarman & Morris, 2010).

Chortodes elymi (Hb.) Lyme Grass [R][I/V]
Coastal records away from known resident populations.
E. KENT [15] Kingsdown, 26.6 (Jarman & Morris, 2010).

Chortodes fluxa (Hb.) Mere Wainscot [R][I/V]

Coastal records away from known resident populations.

S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Sandy Point, Hayling Island, 21.7 (Phillips & Johnson, 2010); Wickham
Common, 2.7 (per T. Norriss). S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn, 17.7 (Spence, 2010).

Amphipoea lucens (Frey.) Large Ear [R][I]
Records from southern & eastern England outside the known breeding range.
E. KENT [15] Dungeness, 12.8 (JHC); Lydd-on-sea, 2.8 (B. Dinsley per SPC).

Spodoptera cilium (Guen.) Dark Mottled Willow [I]
W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s, 6.10 (MWS).

Proxenus hospes (Frey.) Porter’s Rustic [I]
W. SUSSEX [13] Church Norton, 23.10 (BFS). E. KENT [15] Lydd-on-sea, 25.8 (DB); Sissinghurst,
8.8 (SJB). E. SUFFOLK [25] Landguard, 25.6, 18.8 (Odin, 2010).

Heliothis viriplaca (Hufn.) Marbled Clover [R][V/I]
Coastal/extralimital records that may relate to immigrant or vagrant examples.
E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 2.7 (MJD).

Eublemma purpurina (D. & S.) Beautiful Marbled [I]
DORSET [9] West Bexington, 16.8 (Eden, 2010).

Eublemma parva (Hb.) Small Marbled [I]

W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Hugh Town, St Mary’s, 14.10 (Scott, 2010); Sennen, 3.6 (ME). DORSET
[9] Durlston, 30.10 (JHC); Portland Bird Observatory, 18.8 (Cade, 2010); Puddletown, 5.6 (HWH);
West Bexington, 30.5, 2.6 (Eden, 2010). ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Bonchurch, 31.5 (Knill-Jones,
2010). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Lymington, 31.5 (per T. Norriss); Southsea, 12.8 (IRT); Titchfield
Haven, 13.8 (per T. Norriss). W. SUSSEX [13] Ferring, 25.5 (THF); Horsham, 30.5 (SB, CH ef al.).

Deltote bankiana (Fab.) Silver Barred [R][I/V]

Coastal records away from known populations.

E. SUSSEX [14] Pevensey, 28.6 (JS per CRP). E. KENT [15] Dover, 26.6 (DCG per IDF);
Kingsdown, 2.7 (Jarman & Morris, 2010); Pegwell, 12.7 (Solly et al., 2010). W. KENT [16] Grain,
27.6 (AGJB per IDF). E. SUFFOLK [25] Hollesley, 26.6 (Deans, 2010).

Acontia lucida (Hufn.) Pale Shoulder [I]
E. KENT [15] Lydd-on-sea, 5.8 (B. Dinsley), 6.8 (DB).

120

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2429

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Entomologist’ Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

Earias clorana (L.) Cream-bordered Green Pea [R][I/V]
W. CORNWALL [1] The Lizard, 28.6 (23) (Tunmore, 2010).

Earias insulana (Boisd.) Egyptian Bollworm [I] [In]
NORTHAMPTONSHIRE [32] Woodnewton, 27.10 [incorrectly dated as 27.10.2010 in Smith &
Hammond, 2010] (N. Smith).

Earias vittella (Fabr.) Eastern Bollworm [In|
MIDDLESEX [21] Hornsea, 2.9, first VC record (MA per CWP).

Chrysodeixis chalcites (Esp.) Golden Twin-spot [I] [In]

E. KENT [15] Dumpton, 20.9 (Solly et al., 2010); Pegwell, 8.9 (Solly et al., 2010); Ramsgate, 29.10
(Solly et al., 2010). S. ESSEX [18] Bradwell-on-sea, 12.10 (Dewick, 2010). N.E. YORKSHIRE [62]
Marske Beach, 4.8 (DM per CHF). S. NORTHUMBERLAND [67] Tynemouth, 6.8 (Tams, 2010).

Chrysodeixis acuta (Walk.) Tunbridge Wells Gem [I]
DORSET [9] West Bexington, 30.10 (DF).

Trichoplusia ni (Hb.) Ni Moth [I]

Total no. reported: 62

By vice-county: 1 (1); 9 (18); 10 (1); 11 (9); 12 (3); 13 (3); 14 (1); 15 (21); 18 (1); 28 (1); 32 (1); H6
(2).

W. CORNWALL [1] Church Cove, The Lizard, 11.8 (Tunmore, 2010). DORSET [9] Puddletown,
3.6, 9.8, 12.8 (HWH); Shapwick, 31.7 (PAD); Swanage, 20.8 (ARC); West Bexington, 8.8 (2), 9.8
(2), 10.8, 11.8, 12.8, 16.8, 17.8, 23.8 (RE, MJS); Weymouth, 20.7, 13.8 (PH); Wyke Regis, 12.8
(DF). ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Bonchurch, 1.8 (Knill-Jones, 2010). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Fareham,
3.8 (K. Wheeler); Northney, Hayling Island, 14.8, 17.8 (Phillips & Johnson, 2010); Sandy Point,
Hayling Island, 16.8 (Phillips & Johnson, 2010); Sholing, 21.8 (A. Collins); Southsea, 14.8, 20.9
(IRT); Stubbington, 19.8 (per T. Norriss); Wickham Common, 16.8 (per T. Norriss). N.
HAMPSHIRE [12] Chilbolton, 28.7, 12.8 (per T. Norriss); Kempshott, 3.8 (GAH per AHD). W.
SUSSEX [13] Ferring, 23.8 (THF per CRP); Walberton, early August (JTR per CRP); West
Wittering, 30.8 (DL per CRP). E. SUSSEX [14] Peacehaven, 30.7 (Pratt, 2010). E. KENT [15]
Densole, 11.8 (TR); Dungeness, 16.7, 8.8, 12.8 (JHC, JEC, KR); Dymchurch, 31.8 (JEO);
Faversham, 18.8 (JSB per IDF); Kingsgate, 19.7, 11.8 (FS per IDF); Lydd, 13.8 (KR); Lydd-on-sea,
9.8 (B. Dinsley); New Romney, 9.8 (2), 11.8, 13.8 (AMT, KR); Pegwell, 7.8, 23.8 (FS per IDF);
Ramsgate, 8.8, 13.8 (PM, DS per IDF); St Margaret’s at Cliffe, 13.8, 16.8 (Jarman & Morris, 2010);
Sandwich Bay Bird Observatory, 11.8 (Howe, 2010). S. ESSEX [18] Bradwell-on-sea, 13.6
(Dewick, 2010). W. NORFOLK [28] Holme Dunes, 8.8 (G. Hibberd per J. Wheeler).
NORTHAMPTONSHIRE [32] Oundle, 5.8 (P. Horsnail per JW).

WATERFORD [H6] Tramore, 3.6, 2.7 (TB, in Walsh et al., 2011).

ie So eros RT Ct4 frat ETnlkast RI wks BT Saat ARP oa 8983 Bees Shug Cx SSeaya ‘a3

Figure 6. Occurrence times of Trichoplusia ni during 2009 (dated records).

2436

Macdunnoughia confusa (Steph.) Dewick’s Plusia [I] [In][MC?]

Total no. reported: 27

By vice-county: 10 (1); 11 (5); 13 (2); 14 (3); 15 (9); 16 (1); 18 (2); 19 (1); 25 (2); 61 (1).

ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Bonchurch, 13.4 (Knill-Jones, 2010). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Fareham, 6.9
(R.J. Dickson); Northney, Hayling Island, 6.9, 11.9 (Phillips & Johnson, 2010); Portsmouth, 24.9
(per T. Norriss); West Town, Hayling Island, 13.9 (GSAS, in Phillips & Johnson, 2010). W. SUSSEX

Entomologist’ Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) 121

[13] Earnley, 6.10 (JH); Ferring, 17.9 (THF). E. SUSSEX [14] Bexhill, 14.5 (JS); Elms Farm,
Icklesham, 5.9, 1.10 (Hunter, 2010). E. KENT [15] Biddenden, 30.9 (SJB); Denstead Wood, 28.7
(IDF); Dumpton, 26.8 (Solly et al., 2010); Faversham, 8.9 (A. Witts per IDF); Greatstone, 27.7 (PB,
MJD); Hythe, 13.6 (IAR); Kingsgate, 25.9 (Solly et al., 2010); New Romney, 18.7, 15.9 (SPC). W.
KENT [16] Grain, 17.9 (AGJB per IDF). S. ESSEX [18] Bradwell-on-sea, 4.8 (Dewick, 2010);
Maldon, 5.8 (S. Wood). N. ESSEX [19] St Osyth, 18.9 (CA). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 14.9
(Deans, 2010); Eye, 15.7 (PK). S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn, 18.7 (Spence, 2010).

a3 s
3p VES oe EVE Rebzaye TER Bet itay VE DOES VES dart THS A) 133 Bh OES RED Fug: Se Seago. BEL Sseags. PSR RES TICK

Figure 7. Occurrence times of Macdunnoughia confusa during 2009.

2444 Autographa bractea (D. & S.) Gold Spangle [R][V/I]
Extralimital records of potentially immigrant examples.
S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn, 4.7 (Spence, 2010).

2451 Catocala fraxini (L.) Clifden Nonpareil [I] [FR][MC]
Total no. reported: 24
By vice-county: 9 (9); 10 (5); 11 (5); 14 (1); 15 (2); 27 (1); 28 (1).
DORSET [9] Affpuddle, 18.9, 19.9, 29.9 (AM); Shaggs, 28.9, 29.9 (LJH); Studland, 29.8, 1.9 (JB, in
Davey, 2010), 26.10 (DCGB); Wimborne, 16.9 (DMG). ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Bonchurch, 28.9 (2)
(JH); Cranmore, 18.9 (Knill-Jones, 2010); Totland, 17.9, 20.9 (Knill-Jones, 2010). S. HAMPSHIRE
[11] Bank, 15.10 (A. Duncan); Brockenhurst, 22.8, 30.9 (RBW); Mottisfont, 29.9 (per T. Norriss);
Wickham Common, 7.10 (per T. Norriss). E. SUSSEX [14] Elms Farm, Icklesham, 23.9 (Hunter,
2010). E. KENT [15] Sissinghurst, 22.9, 10.10 (SJB). E. NORFOLK [27] Catfield Fen, 11.8 (DGG
per J. Wheeler). W. NORFOLK [28] Titchwell, 15.9 (P. Eele per J. Wheeler).

BO more 3 BF Pargy BAOa RZ TSE ARcgg FOSS Oe FURL OBESE BST

Figure 8. Occurrence times of Catocala fraxini during 2009.

2453 Catocala electa (View.) Rosy Underwing [I]
ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Totland, 21.8, first VC record (Knill-Jones, 2010).

2454 = Catocala promissa (D. & S.) Light Crimson Underwing [R][I/V]
Records away from breeding populations in and around the New Forest that may relate to immigrant
examples.

DORSET [9] Site details withheld, 1.8, “possible immigrant’ (Davey, 2010).

1:22 Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

2455 Catocala sponsa (L.) Dark Crimson Underwing [R]|[I]
Records away from breeding populations in and around the New Forest that may relate to immigrant
examples.
S. DEVON [3] Teignmouth, 21.8 (RFM). E. KENT [15] Sholden, 7.8 (L. Hirst per IDF).

2464a Aedia leucomelas (L.) Sorcerer [I]
N. ESSEX [19] Brightlingsea, 12.8, second British and first VC record (D. Scott).

2465 = Tyta luctuosa (D. & S.) Four-spotted [R][I/V]
Coastal/extralimital records of possible immigrant or vagrant examples.
E. KENT [15] Sandwich Bay Bird Observatory, 10.8 (Howe, 2010).

2471a Dinumma deponens (Walk.) Landguard Curved Ribbon [In]
E. SUFFOLK [25] Landguard, 2.5, new to Britain; an Asian species unlikely to occur in Britain
naturally (NO et ai.).

2475 Parascotia fuliginaria (L.) Waved Black [R][I/V]
Coastal/extralimital records of possible immigrant examples.
W. SUSSEX [13] Pagham, 8.7 (IL).

2476 Hypena crassalis (Fab.) Beautiful Snout [R][V/T]
Coastal/extralimital records of possible immigrant examples.
S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Sandy Point, Hayling Island, 9.7 (Phillips & Johnson, 2010).

2478 Hypena obsitalis (Hb.) Bloxworth Snout [R][V/T]
Records away from known breeding populations in VC’s 1, 2, 3, 9 & 10.
S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Southsea, 30.10 (JRL). E. KENT [15] Lydd-on-sea, 7.9 (TR per BFS).

2488a Pechipogo plumigeralis (Hb.) Plumed fan-foot [I][MC]
All received/sourced records are listed, although many of these may be the result of localised
breeding rather than primary immigration.
W. SUSSEX [13] Ferring, 19.9 (THF). E. SUSSEX [14] Bexhill, 3.8, 18.8 (JS). E. KENT [15]
Greatstone, 9.8 (BBa); Pegwell, 25.6, 24.8 (Solly et al., 2010); Ramsgate, 20.8 (Solly et al., 2010).

2495 Trisateles emortualis (D. & S.) Olive Crescent [R][T]
Coastal/extralimital records away from suitable breeding habitat.
ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Bonchurch, 25.6 (Knill-Jones, 2010). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Lovedean, 12.7
(A. Jafkins). S. ESSEX [18] Bradwell-on-sea, 27.6 (Dewick, 2010).

ANNEX 2: SELECTED RECORDS OF COMMONER
MIGRANT SPECIES IN 2009

Numerical summaries are not provided for the migrant butterfly species listed in
Annex 2, or for the commoner immigrant species Plutella xylostella, Udea
ferrugalis, Nomophila noctuella, Agrotis ipsilon or Autographa gamma. This is
due to the lack of comprehensive records, or the generalised, non-specific nature
(or absence) of reports, of these species from many sites. Significant records, site
totals and general comments have been given for these species, and county
summaries of the diurnal records of the migrant butterflies and Macroglossum
stellatarum are provided where these have been made available in spreadsheet
format.

It has also not been possible to allocate months of occurrence to all the records
of Annex 2 species reported. It is therefore the case that the total given for the

Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) {23

number of reported records is based on the figures given in the distributional
table, this generally being greater than the sum of the monthly totals given within
the lower table. Only records of adults are included in the tables and numerical
totals and, whilst it is likely that these will not always be comprehensive, the
geographical and chronological occurrence patterns presented should closely
reflect the overall picture for each species where these are given.

Key to the symbols used within the distribution tables:

SW — South-west England (VC’s 1-4).

CS — Central southern England (coastal) (VC’s 5, 6, 9-11, 13).
SE — South-east England (coastal) (VC’s 14-16, 18, 19).

EA — East Anglia & Lincolnshire (VC’s 25-28, 53, 54).

SI — Southern England (inland) (VC’s 7, 8, 12, 17, 20-24, 29-34).
W — Wales (VC’s 35, 41-52).

CE — Central England (inland) (VC’s 36-40, 53-58).

NE — North-east England (VC’s 61, 62, 66-68).

NW — North-west England & the Isle of Man (VC’s 59, 60, 63-65, 69-71).
S — Scotland (VC’s 72-112).

I — Ireland (VC’s H1-H40).

YPONOMEUTIDAE

0464 Plutella xylostella (L.) [R\[VJ
Selected annual totals from fixed traps (1000+): W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s
— 1536 (Scott, 2010). DORSET [9] Portland Bird Observatory — 4091 (Cade, 2010). E. KENT [15]
Dungeness area — 2049 at three sites (Clancy, 2010); Kingsdown Beach & St Margaret’s at Cliffe —
1509 at two sites (Jarman & Morris, 2010); Isle of Thanet — 12195 at five sites (Solly et al., 2010);
Sandwich Bay Bird Observatory — 8739 (Howe, 2010). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey — 2388 (Deans,
2010); Landguard — 3759 (Odin, 2010). E. NORFOLK [27] Eccles-on-sea — 1211 (Bowman, 2010).
S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn — 2425 at three sites (Spence, 2010). S. NORTHUMBERLAND [67]
Tynemouth — 2395 (Tams, 2010).
Earliest dates: ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Bonchurch, 13.3 (JH). E. NORFOLK [27] Overstrand, 29.3
(5) (G. Bond per J. Wheeler). S. LANCASHIRE [59] Fowey Common, 31.3 (JDW per SMP).
DOWN [H38] Larchfield House, 27.2 (Walsh ef al., 2011).
Latest dates: N. HAMPSHIRE [12] Farnborough, 9.12 (per M. Wall). E. KENT [15] Aylesham,
9.12 (3) (D. Shenton per IDF); Iwade, 9.12 (IC per IDF); Kingsgate, 11.12 (FS per IDF); Ramsgate,
9.12 (PM per IDF).
Large single night counts: W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s, 10.10 (136) (MWS). S.
HAMPSHIRE [11] Southsea, 2.7 (133) (IRT). E. KENT [15] Beltinge, 16.5 (135) (BH); Dymchurch,
15.5 (1000+), 30.5 (300+) (JEO); Kingsgate, 13.5 (223), 2.7 (450), 3.7 (220), 4.7 (341) (FS per
IDF); Ramsgate (three sites), 2.7 (800+), 3.7 (540+) (FS, PM, DS per IDF); Sandwich Bay Bird
Observatory, 2.7 (c.7500), 3.7 (463) (Howe, 2010). HERTFORDSHIRE [20] Heartwood Forest, 2.7
(80) (J. Murray per CWP). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 14.5 (213+), 2.7 (486) (MJD). E.
NORFOLK [27] Overstrand, 27.6 (127), 4.7 (158) (G. Bond per J. Wheeler). W. NORFOLK [28]
Scolt Head NNR, 27.6 (c.1600), 2.7 (350) (N. Lawton). S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn (at two sites)
3.7 (502), 4.7 (590) (BRS per CHF).
Large diurnal counts: W. NORFOLK [28] Scolt Head NNR, 27.6 (10,000+ feeding on Senecio
jJacobaea flowers) (N. Lawton).

PYRALIDAE

1395 Udea ferrugalis (Hb.) [I][MC]
Records of this species from the Isles of Scilly are summarised in a separate section below but have
otherwise been excluded from this species account. This is due to the presence of a resident

124

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Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

population of U. ferrugalis on the Scillies, and the records of large numbers of locally-bred adults
being indistinguishable from records of an immigrant origin.

Selected annual totals from fixed traps (200+): W. CORNWALL [1] The Lizard — 498 at three
sites (Tunmore, 2010). DORSET [9] Portland Bird Observatory — 515 (Cade, 2010).

Latest dates: W. SUSSEX [13] Pagham, 9.12 (IL). E. KENT [15] Pegwell, 14.12 (FS per IDF).
Large single night counts: W. CORNWALL [1] The Lizard, 25.10 (39) (MT).

Most northerly records: N. LANCASHIRE [60] Millhouses, 29.10 (TW per SMP). S.E.
YORKSHIRE [61] Enthorpe, 5.8 (AA per CHF).

Selected inland records: SURREY [17] Lingfield, 29.10 (KEN per GAC). HERTFORDSHIRE [20]
Ellenbrook, 28.7, 8.8 (A. Bristow per CWP); Ware, 21.10 (EG per CWP). MIDDLESEX [21]
Barnet, 30.8 (RT per CWP); Hornsey, 3.8 (MA per CWP). HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] Old Weston,
30.8 (K. Royles per BD).

Scilly Isles [1] summary: Longstone, St Mary’s - 2009 annual total: 4723; monthly totals: Jan (1),
Feb (0), Mar (0), Apr (5), May (80), Jun (152), Jul (151), Aug (603), Sep (251), Oct (3227), Nov
(241), Dec (12) (Scott, 2010), peak nightly counts: 25.10 (258), 27.10 (546) (MWS); St Agnes, 10-
20.10 (491, two traps) (DG).

Nomophila noctuella (D. & S.) [I]

Selected annual totals from fixed traps (500+): W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s —
5178 (Scott, 2010); The Lizard — 1266 at three sites (Tunmore, 2010). DORSET [9] Portland Bird
Observatory — 2756 (Cade, 2010); West Bexington — 516 (Eden, 2010). ISLE OF WIGHT [10]
Island total — 780 at six sites (Knill-Jones, 2010). E. KENT [15] Dungeness area — 1679+ at eight
sites (Clancy, 2010); Isle of Thanet — 510 at five sites (Solly et al., 2010); Sandwich Bay Bird
Observatory — 512 (Howe, 2010). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey — 792 (Deans, 2010). WATERFORD
[H6] Tramore Bay — 784 at four sites (Bryant & Walsh, 2010).

Earliest dates: W. KENT [16] Grain, 2.5 (AGJB per IDF).

Latest dates: DORSET [9] Weymouth, 4.12 (PH).

Large single night counts: W. CORNWALL [1] Church Cove, The Lizard, 6.9 (318), 7.9 (356)
(MT); Longstone, St Mary’s, 27.10 (326) (MWS). W. SUSSEX [13] Ferring, 23.8 (85) (THF);
Pagham, 23.8 (104) (IL). E. KENT [15] Dungeness, 28.10 (92) (DW); Dymchurch, 20.7 (100+)
(JEO); Greatstone, 29.8 (84) (BBa). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 24.8 (260) (MJD).

Large diurnal counts: E. CORNWALL [2] Penlee, 20.7 (350) (JCN per LACT). WATERFORD
[H6] Great Newtown Head, 8.7 (100) (TB, in Walsh ef al., 2011).

Most northerly records: W. LOTHIAN [84] Linlithgow, 28.10 (M. Cubitt). FIFESHIRE [85]
Anstruther, 1.9 (2), 4.9 (2) (AMS per DD); Guardbridge, 24.8 (R. Armstrong per DD). SHETLAND
ISLANDS [112] Ocraquoy, 28.10 (2) (Anon., 2009).

Selected inland records: NORTHAMPTONSHIRE [32] Woodnewton, 3.8 (N. Smith per JW). S.W.
YORKSHIRE [63] Northowram, 2.9 (2) (A. Cockroft per CHF). MID-W. YORKSHIRE [64] Ripon,
14.8 (DDB per CHF). N.W. YORKSHIRE [65] Broken Brea, 26.8 (P. Kipling per CHF); Hutton
Conyers, 30.8 — 30.10 (10) (CHF).

Immature stages: WICKLOW [H20] Cornagower East, 8.7, larva (AT, in Walsh ef al., 2011).

PIERIDAE

1545

Colias croceus (Geoff.) Clouded Yellow [I|[MC]

Selected annual totals (30+): E. SUSSEX [14] Elms Farm, Icklesham — 110+ (Hunter, 2010). E.
KENT [15] Dungeness area — 90+ at three sites (per DW, PGA); Pegwell — 31 (Solly et al., 2010).
VC/County summaries: HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] 2.8 — 7.11, 17+ adults (per BD).

Non-specific comments: DORSET [9] Portland, recorded between 10.9 and 23.10 (Cade, 2010).
ISLE OF WIGHT [10] ‘A good year being seen in small numbers on most sunny days throughout
summer and autumn’ (Knill-Jones, 2010). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Hayling Island, ‘counts just into
double figures from mid-September until early November’ (Phillips & Johnson, 2010). E. SUSSEX
[14] Elms Farm, Icklesham, “three in July folowed by 15 in August; one or two daily in September
with a max. of 15 on 27", and daily in October until 28".’(Hunter, 2010). SUSSEX [13/14] ‘A good
season’ (CRP). N. ESSEX [19] Crishall area, 23.5, ‘a large immigration with ones and twos passing
every few minutes over a period of several hours’ (per CWP).

Earliest dates: S. DEVON [3] Prawle Point, 20.4 (VST).

Latest dates: ISLE OF WIGHT [10] No site, 10.12 (Knill-Jones, 2010).

Large counts: DORSET [9] Portland, Bill, 14.10 (20) (Cade, 2010). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Gosport,
12.10 (33) (DJT); Southbourne, 10.10 (63) (M. Gibbons per DJT). E. SUSSEX [14] Birling Gap,
24.-25.9 (c.600) (per DJT & B. Banks); East Guldeford, 27.9 (85+), 29.9 (100+) (P. Bonham). Elms

Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) 125

Farm, Icklesham, 27.9 (15) (Hunter, 2010); Elms Farm, Icklesham — 110+ (Hunter, 2010).. E.
KENT [15] Dungeness RSPB Reserve, 13.10 (16) (per PGA). S. ESSEX [18] Bradwell-on-sea, 26.9
(9) (Dewick, 2010).

NYMPHALIDAE

1590

1591

Vanessa atalanta (L.) Red Admiral [R][I]

Selected annual totals (500+): W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s — 673 (Scott, 2010).
S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn — 835 (Spence, 2010).

VC/County summaries: IRELAND [H1-40] March — December, 6807 adults in 31 counties (Walsh
et al., 2011). CORK [H3/4/5] 1581 adults (Walsh et al., 2011). WEXFORD [H12] 886 adults (Walsh
et al., 2011). DOWN [H38] 1700 adults (Walsh et al., 2011).

Earliest dates (active): W. CORNWALL [1] Hayle, c.21.1, 28.1 (GBH). S. HAMPSHIRE [11]
Gosport, 14.1, 17.1 (per DJT); Lyndhurst, 13.1 (per DJT). WORCESTERSHIRE [37] Redditch, 16.1
(S. Whitehouse). S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn, 21.2 (Spence, 2010).

Latest dates (active): S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Gosport, 10.12 (2) (DJT). S. ESSEX [18] Bradwell-on-sea,
11.12 (Dewick, 2010). MONMOUTHSHIRE [35] Newport, 16.12, flying around shop (S. Williams).
Large counts (50+):.S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn, 11.10 (60, flying south) (BRS).

Vanessa cardui (L.) Painted Lady [I]

Selected annual totals (950+): W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s — 1019 (Scott,
2010). E. SUSSEX [14] Peacehaven — 976 (Pratt, 2010). E. KENT [15] Dungeness area — 11723+ at
two sites (Clancy, 2010). S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn — 5956 (Spence, 2010). WATERFORD [H6]
Tramore Bay — 1765 (Bryant & Walsh, 2010).

VC/County summaries: HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] 20.3, 9.5 — 8.11, 1940+ adults (per BD).
IRELAND [H1-40] April — November, 68800+ in all 32 counties, including monthly totals of
c.31000 in May and June (Walsh ef al., 2011).

Non-specific comments: DORSET [9] Portland, ‘many thousands’ moving north between 23-26.5
(Cade, 2010). ISLE OF WIGHT [10] ‘Over a thousand per hour flying north at Porchfield on 28.5’
(Knill-Jones, 2010). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Hayling Island, ‘shared in the massive influx in the
second half of May’ (Phillips & Johnson, 2010). N. HAMPSHIRE [12] Brighton Hill, 25.5 (43 in 15
minutes, 1430-1445 hrs., one every ten seconds at 1500hrs., eight in 90 seconds at 1615 hrs.)
(AHD). E. SUSSEX [14] Elms Farm, Icklesham, ‘A huge passage between 26 & 29 May but no
organised counts were made.’ (Hunter, 2010). E. KENT [15] Kingsdown Beach & St Margaret’s at
Cliffe, ‘many tens of thousands recorded during the last ten days of May’ (Jarman & Morris, 2010).
S. ESSEX [18] Basildon, 23.5, ‘a large immigration’ (per CWP); Bradwell-on-sea, ‘large numbers
flying to the WNW on 24 & 25 May. A massive influx took place on 28 May when 50 flew through
the garden in a six minute period. Exceptional numbers also present throughout second half of July
with 235+ seen on one patch of thistles and 90 on a single Buddleia bush on 22.7’ (Dewick, 2010).
E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, ‘a largce influx involving hundreds of individuals......1n the period 22-
26.5’ (Deans, 2010); Minsmere, ‘hundreds present by the end of May’ (Harvey & Higgott, 2010).
MERIONETHSHIRE [48] Near Harlech, ‘flying north at a rate of 120 individuals per hour on 30.5’
(Hicks & Bantock, 2010). SHETLAND ISLANDS [112] ‘The influx which has been occurring
further south has reached Shetland with records from many areas today (31.5)’ (Anon., 2009).
Earliest dates (active): HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] Ramsey Forty Foot, 20.3 (R. Shotbolt per BD).
Latest dates (active): ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Bonchurch, 16.11 (Knill-Jones, 2010).

General: Recorded throughout November with a couple of records in December (Fox, 2010).

Large counts (high counts in July/August probably relate to locally-bred adults): W. CORNWALL
[1] Gwennap Head, 25.5 (400 passing per hour) (FTJ); IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s, 23.5 (400+)
(Scott, 2010); IOS: Telegraph, St Mary’s, 24.5 (150) (Scott, 2010); nr. Port Isaac, from 25.7 (‘several
thousand’) (Fox, 2010). ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Totland, 1-14.8 (100+ daily) (Knill-Jones, 2010). E.
SUSSEX [14] Nr. Ditchling, 31.7 (c.250,000 in a field) (Fox, 2010); Elms Farm, Icklesham, 13.7
(1500+) (Hunter, 2010). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Gosport, 26.5 (c.660) (DJT). W. SUSSEX [13]
Church Norton, 26.5 (408+) (IL). E. SUSSEX [14] Newhaven, 25.5 (300+) (S. Teale). E. KENT [15]
Dungeness Point, 25.5 (1800+), 26.5 (2750+), 28.5 (1700+) (per DW); Dungeness RSPB Reserve,
28.5 (1915) (per PGA); Folkestone, 25.5 (1000+) (IAR); nr. Hythe, 26.5, c.1000 from a boat
offshore (Fox, 2010); Sandwich Bay Bird Observatory, 23.5 (1000+ flying north), 24.5 (2000+
flying north), 26.5 (c.3000), 28.5 (1000+), 21.7 (500+) (Howe, 2010). S. ESSEX [18] Bradwell-on-
sea, 22.7 (325+) (Dewick, 2010). W. SUFFOLK [26] Bury St Edmunds, 24.5 (c.100 per hour passing
north-west) (A. Parr). W. NORFOLK [28] Scolt Head NNR, 24.5 (18,000+ moving west), 1.8
(c.250,000) (N. Lawton). WARWICKSHIRE [38] Nr. Sherbourne, 29.5 (c.150) (DCGB). S.E.

126 Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn, 28.5 (175), 3.8 (500) (BRS). SHETLAND ISLANDS [112] Hermaness,
4.8 (100) (Anon., 2009); Outer Skerries, 1.6 (90) (Anon., 2009).

Immature stages: W. CORNWALL [1] Nr. Port Isaac, late June/early July, c. 500, 000 larvae in
7.5ha of fallow fields (20+ larvae per thistle plant) (Fox, 2010). S. ESSEX [18] Bradwell-on-sea,
‘.....the vast majority of larvae seen had been parasitized...” (Dewick, 2010). E.
GLOUCESTERSHIRE [33] Nr. Swindon (two localities), late June/early July, ‘thousands’ of larvae
(20+ larvae per thistle plant) (Fox, 2010). IRELAND [H1-40] ‘Egg-laying and larvae were recorded
in various counties as far north as Donegal, Londonderry and Antrim (Walsh et a/., 2011).

GEOMETRIDAE

1716 Rhodometra sacraria (L.) Vestal [I]
Total no. reported: 159
Distribution of records:

ANNEX 2: SELECTED RECORDS OF COMMONER
MIGRANT SPECIES IN 2009

Numerical summaries are not provided for the migrant butterfly species listed in
Annex 2, or for the commoner immigrant species Plutella xylostella, Udea
ferrugalis, Nomophila noctuella, Agrotis ipsilon or Autographa gamma. This is due
to the lack of comprehensive records, or the generalised, non-specific nature (or
absence) of reports, of these species from many sites. Significant records, site totals
and general comments have been given for these species, and county summaries of
the diurnal records of the migrant butterflies and Macroglossum stellatarum are
provided where these have been made available in spreadsheet format.

It has also not been possible to allocate months of occurrence to all the records
of Annex 2 species reported. It is therefore the case that the total given for the
number of reported records is based on the figures given in the distributional
table, this generally being greater than the sum of the monthly totals given within
the lower table. Only records of adults are included in the tables and numerical
totals and, whilst it is likely that these will not always be comprehensive, the
geographical and chronological occurrence patterns presented should closely
reflect the overall picture for each species where these are given.

_ Key to the symbols used within the distribution tables:

SW — South-west England (VC’s 1-4).

CS — Central southern England (coastal) (VC’s 5, 6, 9-11, 13).
SE — South-east England (coastal) (VC’s 14-16, 18, 19).

EA — East Anglia & Lincolnshire (VC’s 25-28, 53, 54).

SI — Southern England (inland) (VC’s 7, 8, 12, 17, 20-24, 29-34).
W — Wales (VC’s 35, 41-52).

CE — Central England (inland) (VC’s 36-40, 53-58).

NE — North-east England (VC’s 61, 62, 66-68).

NW -— North-west England & the Isle of Man (VC’s 59, 60, 63-65, 69-71).
S — Scotland (VC’s 72-112).

I — Ireland (VC’s H1-H40).

Entomologist’ Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) 127

YPONOMEUTIDAE

0464

Plutella xylostella (L.) [R] [1]

Selected annual totals from fixed traps (1000+): W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s
— 1536 (Scott, 2010). DORSET [9] Portland Bird Observatory — 4091 (Cade, 2010). E. KENT [15]
Dungeness area — 2049 at three sites (Clancy, 2010); Kingsdown Beach & St Margaret’s at Cliffe —
1509 at two sites (Jarman & Morris, 2010); Isle of Thanet — 12195 at five sites (Solly et al., 2010);
Sandwich Bay Bird Observatory — 8739 (Howe, 2010). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey — 2388 (Deans,
2010); Landguard — 3759 (Odin, 2010). E. NORFOLK [27] Eccles-on-sea — 1211 (Bowman, 2010).
S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn — 2425 at three sites (Spence, 2010). S. NORTHUMBERLAND [67]
Tynemouth — 2395 (Tams, 2010).

Earliest dates: ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Bonchurch, 13.3 (JH). E. NORFOLK [27] Overstrand, 29.3
(5) (G. Bond per J. Wheeler). S. LANCASHIRE [59] Fowey Common, 31.3 (JDW per SMP).
DOWN [H38] Larchfield House, 27.2 (Walsh ef al., 2011).

Latest dates: N. HAMPSHIRE [12] Farnborough, 9.12 (per M. Wall). E. KENT [15] Aylesham,
9.12 (3) (D. Shenton per IDF); Iwade, 9.12 (IC per IDF); Kingsgate, 11.12 (FS per IDF); Ramsgate,
9.12 (PM per IDF).

Large single night counts: W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s, 10.10 (136) (MWS). S.
HAMPSHIRE [11] Southsea, 2.7 (133) (IRT). E. KENT [15] Beltinge, 16.5 (135) (BH); Dymchurch,
15.5 (1000+), 30.5 (300+) (JEO); Kingsgate, 13.5 (223), 2.7 (450), 3.7 (220), 4.7 (341) (FS per IDF);
Ramsgate (three sites), 2.7 (800+), 3.7 (540+) (FS, PM, DS per IDF); Sandwich Bay Bird
Observatory, 2.7 (c.7500), 3.7 (463) (Howe, 2010). HERTFORDSHIRE [20] Heartwood Forest, 2.7
(80) (J. Murray per CWP). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 14.5 (213+), 2.7 (486) (MJD). E. NORFOLK
[27] Overstrand, 27.6 (127), 4.7 (158) (G. Bond per J. Wheeler). W. NORFOLK [28] Scolt Head
NNR, 27.6 (c.1600), 2.7 (350) (N. Lawton). CHESHIRE [58] Birkenhead, 2.7 (160) (G. Jones per S.
Palmer). S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn (at two sites) 3.7 (502), 4.7 (590) (BRS per CHF).

Large diurnal counts: W. NORFOLK [28] Scolt Head NNR, 27.6 (10,000+ feeding on Senecio
jJacobaea flowers) (N. Lawton).

PYRALIDAE

1395

1398

Udea ferrugalis (Hb.) [I][MC]

Records of this species from the Isles of Scilly are summarised in a separate section below but have
otherwise been excluded from this species account. This is due to the presence of a resident
population of U. ferrugalis on the Scillies, and the records of large numbers of locally-bred adults
being indistinguishable from records of an immigrant origin.

Selected annual totals from fixed traps (200+): W. CORNWALL [1] The Lizard — 498 at three
sites (Tunmore, 2010). DORSET [9] Portland Bird Observatory — 515 (Cade, 2010).

Latest dates: W. SUSSEX [13] Pagham, 9.12 (IL). E. KENT [15] Pegwell, 14.12 (FS per IDF).
Large single night counts: W. CORNWALL [1] The Lizard, 25.10 (39) (MT).

Most northerly records: N. LANCASHIRE [60] Millhouses, 29.10 (TW per SMP). S.E.
YORKSHIRE [61] Enthorpe, 5.8 (AA per CHF).

Selected inland records: SURREY [17] Lingfield, 29.10 (KEN per GAC). HERTFORDSHIRE [20]
Ellenbrook, 28.7, 8.8 (A. Bristow per CWP); Ware, 21.10 (EG per CWP). MIDDLESEX [21]
Barnet, 30.8 (RT per CWP); Hornsey, 3.8 (MA per CWP). HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] Old Weston,
30.8 (K. Royles per BD).

Scilly Isles [1] summary: Longstone, St Mary’s - 2009 annual total: 4723; monthly totals: Jan (1),
Feb (0), Mar (0), Apr (5), May (80), Jun (152), Jul (151), Aug (603), Sep (251), Oct (3227), Nov
(241), Dec (12) (Scott, 2010), peak nightly counts: 25.10 (258), 27.10 (546) (MWS); St Agnes, 10-
20.10 (491, two traps) (DG).

Nomophila noctuella (D. & S.) [I]

Selected annual totals from fixed traps (500+): W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s —
5178 (Scott, 2010); The Lizard — 1266 at three sites (Tunmore, 2010). DORSET [9] Portland Bird
Observatory — 2756 (Cade, 2010); West Bexington — 516 (Eden, 2010). ISLE OF WIGHT [10]
Island total — 780 at six sites (Knill-Jones, 2010). E. KENT [15] Dungeness area — 1679+ at eight
sites (Clancy, 2010); Isle of Thanet — 510 at five sites (Solly et al., 2010); Sandwich Bay Bird
Observatory — 512 (Howe, 2010). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey — 792 (Deans, 2010). WATERFORD
[H6] Tramore Bay — 784 at four sites (Bryant & Walsh, 2010).

Earliest dates: W. KENT [16] Grain, 2.5 (AGJB per IDF).

Latest dates: DORSET [9] Weymouth, 4.12 (PH).

Large single night counts: W. CORNWALL [1] Church Cove, The Lizard, 6.9 (318), 7.9 (356)
(MT); Longstone, St Mary’s, 27.10 (326) (MWS). W. SUSSEX [13] Pagham, 23.8 (104) (IL). E.

128

Entomologist’ Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

KENT [15] Dungeness, 28.10 (92) (DW); Dymchurch, 20.7 (100+) (JEO); Greatstone, 29.8 (84)
(BBa). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 24.8 (260) (MJD).

Large diurnal counts: E. CORNWALL [2] Penlee, 20.7 (350) (JCN per LACT). WATERFORD
[H6] Great Newtown Head, 8.7 (100) (TB, in Walsh ef al., 2011).

Most northerly records: W. LOTHIAN [84] Linlithgow, 28.10 (M. Cubitt). FIFESHIRE [85]
Anstruther, 1.9 (2), 4.9 (2) (AMS per DD); Guardbridge, 24.8 (R. Armstrong per DD). SHETLAND
ISLANDS [112] Ocraquoy, 28.10 (2) (Anon., 2009).

Selected inland records: NORTHAMPTONSHIRE [32] Woodnewton, 3.8 (N. Smith per JW). S.W.
YORKSHIRE [63] Northowram, 2.9 (2) (A. Cockroft per CHF). MID-W. YORKSHIRE [64] Ripon,
14.8 (DDB per CHF). N.W. YORKSHIRE [65] Broken Brea, 26.8 (P. Kipling per CHF); Hutton
Conyers, 30.8 — 30.10 (10) (CHF).

Immature stages: WICKLOW [H20] Cornagower East, 8.7, larva (AT, in Walsh ef al., 2011).

PIERIDAE

1545

Colias croceus (Geoff.) Clouded Yellow [I][MC]

Selected annual totals (30+): E. SUSSEX [14] Elms Farm, Icklesham — 110+ (Hunter, 2010). E.
KENT [15] Dungeness area — 90+ at three sites (per DW, PGA); Pegwell — 31 (Solly et al., 2010).
VC/County summaries: HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] 2.8 — 7.11, 17+ adults (per BD).

Non-specific comments: DORSET [9] Portland, recorded between 10.9 and 23.10 (Cade, 2010).
ISLE OF WIGHT [10] ‘A good year being seen in small numbers on most sunny days throughout
summer and autumn’ (Knill-Jones, 2010). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Hayling Island, ‘counts just into
double figures from mid-September until early November’ (Phillips & Johnson, 2010). E. SUSSEX
[14] Elms Farm, Icklesham, ‘three in July folowed by 15 in August; one or two daily in September
with a max. of 15 on 27%, and daily in October until 28".’(Hunter, 2010). SUSSEX [13/14] ‘A good
season’ (CRP). N. ESSEX [19] Crishall area, 23.5, ‘a large immigration with ones and twos passing
every few minutes over a period of several hours’ (per CWP).

Earliest dates: S. DEVON [3] Prawle Point, 20.4 (VST).

Latest dates: ISLE OF WIGHT [10] No site, 10.12 (Knill-Jones, 2010).

Large counts: DORSET [9] Portland, Bill, 14.10 (20) (Cade, 2010). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Gosport,
12.10 (33) (DJT); Southbourne, 10.10 (63) (M. Gibbons per DJT). E. SUSSEX [14] Birling Gap,
24.-25.9 (c.600) (per DJT & B. Banks); East Guldeford, 27.9 (85+), 29.9 (100+) (P. Bonham). Elms
Farm, Icklesham, 27.9 (15) (Hunter, 2010); Elms Farm, Icklesham — 110+ (Hunter, 2010).. E.
KENT [15] Dungeness RSPB Reserve, 13.10 (16) (per PGA). S. ESSEX [18] Bradwell-on-sea, 26.9
(9) (Dewick, 2010).

NYMPHALIDAE

1590

1591

Vanessa atalanta (L.) Red Admiral [R][T]

Selected annual totals (500+): W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s — 673 (Scott, 2010).
S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn — 835 (Spence, 2010).

VC/County summaries: IRELAND [H1-40] March — December, 6807 adults in 31 counties (Walsh
et al., 2011). CORK [H3/4/5] 1581 adults (Walsh et al., 2011). WEXFORD [H12] 886 adults (Walsh
et al., 2011). DOWN [H38] 1700 adults (Walsh ef a/., 2011).

Earliest dates (active): W. CORNWALL [1] Hayle, c.21.1, 28.1 (GBH). S. HAMPSHIRE [11]
Gosport, 14.1, 17.1 (per DJT); Lyndhurst, 13.1 (per DJT). WORCESTERSHIRE [37] Redditch, 16.1
(S. Whitehouse). S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn, 21.2 (Spence, 2010).

Latest dates (active): S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Gosport, 10.12 (2) (DJT). S. ESSEX [18] Bradwell-on-
sea, 11.12 (Dewick, 2010). MONMOUTHSHIRE [35] Newport, 16.12, flying around shop (S.
Williams).

Large counts (50+):.S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn, 11.10 (60, flying south) (BRS).

Vanessa cardui (L.) Painted Lady [I]

Selected annual totals (950+): W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s — 1019 (Scott,
2010). E. SUSSEX [14] Peacehaven — 976 (Pratt, 2010). E. KENT [15] Dungeness area — 11723+ at
two sites (Clancy, 2010). S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn — 5956 (Spence, 2010). WATERFORD [H6]
Tramore Bay — 1765 (Bryant & Walsh, 2010). .

VC/County summaries: HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] 20.3, 9.5 — 8.11, 1940+ adults (per BD).
IRELAND [H1-40] April — November, 68800+ in all 32 counties, including monthly totals of
c.31000 in May and June (Walsh et al., 2011).

Non-specific comments: DORSET [9] Portland, ‘many thousands’ moving north between 23-26.5
(Cade, 2010). ISLE OF WIGHT [10] ‘Over a thousand per hour flying north at Porchfield on 28.5’

SOCIETY
MATTERS

AES ANNUAL REPORT TO MEMBERS
YEAR ENDED 31st DECEMBER 2011

This report was approved by members at the AGM at the Manchester Museum on 28th :
April.

MEMBERSHIP

The total membership of the Society at 31st December 2011 was 1396, a decrease of
4.5% over the previous year. Membership of our junior section, the Bug Club, grew
by 3%.

PUBLICATIONS

Our bimonthly periodicals — the AES Bulletin, Entomologist’s Record and the Bug Club
Magazine — and the thrice annual Invertebrate Conservation News were all published as
usual. The Society is grateful to those members who contributed so many interesting
and diverse articles, especially those whose contributions to the Bug Club Magazine
continue to inspire the entomologists of the future — a major aim of the Society.

The Wants & Exchanges List was phased out during 2011 and replaced with the
electronic AES Newsletter, which has expanded content and is intended to be produced
on a monthly basis. This will provide a more timely service to all members while also
saving money for the Society. The Newsletter can be printed off and posted to the
minority of members who do not have access to email.

Two books in the series Tales and Truths about Garden Minibeasts were published
during the year. The AES published Eddie the Earthworm Saves the Day in collaboration
with the Earthworm Society of Britain, which is based at London’s Natural History
Museum, and a further volume, Crystal, the Small Miracle was published independently
by Butterfly Conservation. We are grateful once again to the author, Mrs Sonia
Copeland Bloom, for shouldering the production costs of the first edition of these
books.

EVENTS

Our 2011 Members’ Day was held at the Butterfly World project in Hertfordshire and
was once again well attended. The 4th Annual Leonard Tesch lecture was delivered by
Dr Martin Hall, of the Natural History Museum, London, who among other things
brought with him some maggots in a drainpipe!

Our second Young Entomologists’ Day at Oxford was a success and will be repeated
in 2012 (please see the accompanying Bug Club annual report). Other events included
our ever popular annual autumn visit to the Oxford University Museum; the annual AES
Exhibition at Kempton Park; and a field event at Dinton Pastures Country Park organised
with the help of members of the British Entomological and Natural History Society. An
increased number of events were held locally by AES members, and to this end we now
have three regional groups, based in Bangor, Gwynedd; the Wilts & Oxon group, run by

AMATEUR ENTOMOLOGISTS' SOCIETY

EXPENDITURE
GENERAL FUND
2010
5
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815 Wants & Exchange Lists
42561

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2010
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INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2011

2011

45374
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689
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8701
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1056
2720
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2772
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239
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2010
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2010
os
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2011

2011
£

2466
3563
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6670

0

352
7856
946
88606
85912
190342

9842
0
9842

59748

13596

-1097

9842
199087

2010
23

39403
9948
34
49385

1381
1745
10914
46
566
14652

2010

INCOME

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0 Advertising

=|!10 — |=

2010

0

0
12387
59534
11825
19774
18261
9621
131402

Interest

Deficit to Fund

Investment Income

Deficit To Fund

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INVESTMENT VALUATION
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CURRENT ASSETS:
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Ojo © Io-o

9750
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{
4721
0
6685
30519
41926

59694

157161

41926

199087

Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) 129

(Knill-Jones, 2010). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Hayling Island, ‘shared in the massive influx in the
second half of May’ (Phillips & Johnson, 2010). N. HAMPSHIRE [12] Brighton Hill, 25.5 (43 in 15
minutes, 1430-1445 hrs., one every ten seconds at 1500hrs., eight in 90 seconds at 1615 hrs.)
(AHD). E. SUSSEX [14] Elms Farm, Icklesham, ‘A huge passage between 26 & 29 May but no
organised counts were made.’ (Hunter, 2010). E. KENT [15] Kingsdown Beach & St Margaret’s at
Cliffe, ‘many tens of thousands recorded during the last ten days of May’ (Jarman & Morris, 2010).
S. ESSEX [18] Basildon, 23.5, ‘a large immigration’ (per CWP); Bradwell-on-sea, ‘large numbers
flying to the WNW on 24 & 25 May. A massive influx took place on 28 May when 50 flew through
the garden in a six minute period. Exceptional numbers also present throughout second half of July
with 235+ seen on one patch of thistles and 90 on a single Buddleia bush on 22.7’ (Dewick, 2010).
E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, ‘a largce influx involving hundreds of individuals......in the period 22-
26.5’ (Deans, 2010); Minsmere, ‘hundreds present by the end of May’ (Harvey & Higgott, 2010).
MERIONETHSHIRE [48] Near Harlech, ‘flying north at a rate of 120 individuals per hour on 30.5’
(Hicks & Bantock, 2010). SHETLAND ISLANDS [112] ‘The influx which has been occurring
further south has reached Shetland with records from many areas today (31.5)’ (Anon., 2009).
Earliest dates (active): HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] Ramsey Forty Foot, 20.3 (R. Shotbolt per BD).
Latest dates (active): ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Bonchurch, 16.11 (Knill-Jones, 2010).

General: Recorded throughout November with a couple of records in December (Fox, 2010).

Large counts (high counts in July/August probably relate to locally-bred adults): W. CORNWALL
[1] Gwennap Head, 25.5 (400 passing per hour) (FTJ); IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s, 23.5 (400+)
(Scott, 2010); IOS: Telegraph, St Mary’s, 24.5 (150) (Scott, 2010); nr. Port Isaac, from 25.7 (‘several
thousand’) (Fox, 2010). ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Totland, 1-14.8 (100+ daily) (Knill-Jones, 2010). E.
SUSSEX [14] Nr. Ditchling, 31.7 (c.250,000 in a field) (Fox, 2010); Elms Farm, Icklesham, 13.7
(1500+) (Hunter, 2010). S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Gosport, 26.5 (c.660) (DJT). W. SUSSEX [13]
Church Norton, 26.5 (408+) (IL). E. SUSSEX [14] Newhaven, 25.5 (300+) (S. Teale). E. KENT [15]
Dungeness Point, 25.5 (1800+), 26.5 (2750+), 28.5 (1700+) (per DW); Dungeness RSPB Reserve,
28.5 (1915) (per PGA); Folkestone, 25.5 (1000+) (IAR); nr. Hythe, 26.5, c.1000 from a boat
offshore (Fox, 2010); Sandwich Bay Bird Observatory, 23.5 (1000+ flying north), 24.5 (2000+
flying north), 26.5 (c.3000), 28.5 (1000+), 21.7 (500+) (Howe, 2010). S. ESSEX [18] Bradwell-on-
sea, 22.7 (325+) (Dewick, 2010). W. SUFFOLK [26] Bury St Edmunds, 24.5 (c.100 per hour passing
north-west) (A. Parr). W. NORFOLK [28] Scolt Head NNR, 24.5 (18,000+ moving west), 1.8
(c.250,000) (N. Lawton). WARWICKSHIRE [38] Nr. Sherbourne, 29.5 (c.150) (DCGB). S.E.
YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn, 28.5 (175), 3.8 (500) (BRS). SHETLAND ISLANDS [112] Hermaness,
4.8 (100) (Anon., 2009); Outer Skerries, 1.6 (90) (Anon., 2009).

Immature stages: W. CORNWALL [1] Nr. Port Isaac, late June/early July, c. 500, 000 larvae in
7.5ha of fallow fields (20+ larvae per thistle plant) (Fox, 2010). S. ESSEX [18] Bradwell-on-sea,
Oe the vast majority of larvae seen had been parasitized...” (Dewick, 2010). E.
GLOUCESTERSHIRE [33] Nr. Swindon (two localities), late June/early July, ‘thousands’ of larvae
(20+ larvae per thistle plant) (Fox, 2010). IRELAND [H1-40] ‘Egg-laying and larvae were recorded
in various counties as far north as Donegal, Londonderry and Antrim (Walsh ef al., 2011).

GEOMETRIDAE
1716 Rhodometra sacraria (L.) Vestal [I]
Total no. reported: 159
Distribution of records:
sw | cs | SE | EA
38 | 68 | 12 | 4

st | Ww
ap ic 2

“EEE

Dec

Selected annual totals from fixed traps (10+): W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s —
12 (Scott, 2010).

Earliest dates: S. HAMPSHIRE [11] Hayling Island, May (1) (Phillips & Johnson, 2010). E.
NORFOLK [27] Hapton, 8.5 (S. Newson per J. Wheeler). W. NORFOLK [28] Swanton Morley, 19.5
(RJS per J. Wheeler).

Latest dates: DORSET [9] Weymouth, 27.11 (PH, in Davey, 2010).

Months of occurrence:

Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May Jun | Jul | Aug Sep
nis fvamopdl 068: tf cated ap iit Temp) Aa ae a

Oct
124

Nov
13

130

1720

Entomologist’ Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

Large single night counts: WICKLOW [H20] Cronykeery, 30.10 (13) (Walsh et al., 2011).

Most northerly records: N. LANCASHIRE [60] Millhouses, 28.10 (TW per SMP). S.W.
YORKSHIRE [63] West Melton, 5.7 (HEB per CHF). N.W. YORKSHIRE [65] Hutton Conyers,
28.10 (CHF).

Selected inland records: E. GLOUCESTERSHIRE [33] Stroud, 23.9 (MM per RGG). S.W.
YORKSHIRE [63] West Melton, 5.7 (HEB per CHF). N.W. YORKSHIRE [65] Hutton Conyers,
28.10 (CHF).

Orthonama obstipata (Fab.) Gem [I][MC?]
Total no. reported: 81
Distribution of records:

Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun

Selected annual totals from fixed traps (10+): E. KENT [15] Dungeness area — 16 at fourteen sites
(Clancy, 2010).

Earliest dates: W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s, May (1) (Scott, 2010).

Latest dates: S. DEVON [3] Uplyme, 16.11 (AK). E. KENT [15] Kingsgate, 17.11 (FS per IDF).
Most northerly records: S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Muston, 27.10 (PQW per CHF). SHETLAND
ISLANDS [112] Virkie, 29.7 (Anon., 2009)..

Selected inland records: SURREY [17] Nutfield, 26.10 (P.A. Cordell per GAC).
WARWICKSHIRE [38] Charlecote, 30.8 (DCGB).

SPHINGIDAE

1972

Agrius convolvuli (L.) Convolvulus Hawk-moth [I] [In]
Total no. reported: 242
Distribution of records:

sw {cs | se | kA | st | w CE | NE NW s [1
Sh a ie Sa ay lee ie Zee al Ran 19 | 4

Months of occurrence:
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep Oct | Nov | Dec
: | 2 | : | : | : 2 | 5 eo | Gi |. | : :

Selected annual totals from fixed traps (10+): DORSET [9] Portland Bird Observatory — 17
(Cade, 2010). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey — 10 (Deans, 2010). BERWICKSHIRE [81] Eyemouth —
9 (at Petunia spp. flowers).

Earliest dates: DORSET [9] Portland Bird Observatory, June (1) (Cade, 2010). W. SUSSEX [13]
Brighton, 27.6 (C. Hastings per CRP).

Latest dates: E. SUSSEX [14] Rye Harbour, 21.10 (JHC per CRP). E. NORFOLK [27] Walcott,
28.10 (A. Grant per J. Wheeler).

Large single night counts: W. CORNWALL [1] Coverack, 7.9 (4) (Tunmore, 2010); ‘Scilly Isles’,
late August (7 in a Heath trap) (A. Cleave per AHD). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 19.9 (4) (MJD).
S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Easington, 30.8 (5) (MFS per CHF).

Most northerly records: CAITHNESS [109] Hill of Rattar, 1.9, 13.9 (N. Money); Hopefield, 9.9
(N. Money). OUTER HEBRIDES [110] South Uist, 11.9 (per CJ). SHETLAND ISLANDS [112]
Aith, 5/6.9 (Anon., 2009); Aywick, 3.9, 5/6.9 (Anon., 2009); Mid Yell, 5/6.9 (3) (Anon., 2009).
Selected inland records: SURREY [17] Nutfield, 1.9 (P.A. Cordell per GAC). W.
GLOUCESTERSHIRE [34] Culkerton, 18.9 (MO per RGG). WARWICKSHIRE [38] Leamington
Spa, 6.9 (R. Moffatt per DCGB); Southam, 29.8 (R. Smith per DCGB). S. LANCASHIRE [59]
Burnley, 8.9 (DA per SMP); Longton, Preston, 27.9 (R. Boydell per SMP). N.W. YORKSHIRE [65]
High Batts NR, 10.9 (R. Adams per CHF).

Entomologist’ Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) 131

1984 Macroglossum stellatarum (L.) Humming-bird Hawk-moth [I]

Minimum no. reported: 837
Distribution of records:

Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr
3 |e | teas 2T4| 17 Be5 1689] tgbitld a2 BER] POAT

Selected annual totals (30+): W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s — 38 (Scott, 2010). E.
KENT [15] Dungeness area — 58 (Clancy, 2010).

VC/County summaries: HERTFORDSHIRE [20] 25.6 — 3.9, 9 adults (per CWP). NORFOLK
[27/28] 10.4 — 26.10, 76+ adults (per J. Wheeler). HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] 14.6 — 8.10, 25+
adults (per BD). GLOUCESTERSHIRE [33/34] 30.5 — 26.9, 9 adults (per RGG).

Non-specific comments: DORSET [9] Portland, ‘recorded in very small numbers between 5.6 &
4.10’ (Cade, 2010).

Earliest dates (active): E. KENT [15] Lydd, 11.4 (EC). E. NORFOLK [27] Edgefield Green, 10.4
(I. Keymer per J. Wheeler). S. LANCASHIRE [59] Ormskirk, 12.4 (D. Baldwin per SMP).
WEXFORD [H12] Coolcotts, 22.3 (Walsh et al., 2011).

Latest dates (active): S. DEVON [3] Uplyme, 5.11 (AK). DORSET [9] West Bexington, November
(1) (Eden, 2010). E. KENT [15] Dungeness, 3.11 (DW). S. ESSEX [18] Bradwell-on-sea, 30.10
(Dewick, 2010). S. LANCASHIRE [59] Leigh, 8.11 (L. Haines per SMP).

Large counts: W. CORK [H3] Dursey Island, 30.5 (7) (D. Scott, in Walsh ef al., 2011). DOWN
[H38] Copeland Islands, 2.6 (6), 4.6 (6) (Walsh ef al., 2011).

Most northerly records: WEST LOTHIAN [84] Winchburgh, 25.6 (GF per M. Cubitt). FIFESHIRE
[85] St Andrews, 6.7 (G. Strugnell per DD).

Immature stages/Evidence of breeding: W. CORNWALL [1] Trewellard, 12.7, larva (J. Sens
SUSSEX [13/14] ‘Summertime breeding along the coast’ (per CRP). DONEGAL [H34/35]
Murvagh, 3.8, larva (F. Smyth, in Walsh et al., 2011).

NOCTUIDAE

2091

2119

Agrotis ipsilon (Hufn.) Dark Sword-grass [I]

Selected annual totals from fixed traps (200+): W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s —
206 (Scott, 2010). DORSET [9] Portland Bird Observatory — 319 (Cade, 2010). E. SUSSEX [14]
Elms Farm, Icklesham — 316 (Hunter, 2010). E. KENT [15] Dungeness area — 658 at fourteen sites
(Clancy, 2010). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey — 533 (Deans, 2010).

Earliest dates: E. SUSSEX [14] Eastbourne, 1.3 (JHC). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 15.3 (MJD).
WATERFORD [H6] Tramore, 12.3 (TB, in Walsh ef a/., 2011).

Latest dates: W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s, December (1) (Scott, 2010). E.
KENT [15] Dungeness area, December (1) (Clancy, 2010). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 2.12
(MJD).

Large single night counts: E. KENT [15] Dungeness, 12.8 (35 at two sites) (PGA, KR). E.
SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 2.8 (22), 12.8 (30) (MJD). W. NORFOLK [28] Scolt Head Island, 4.8
(27), 5.8 (27) (N. Lawton per J. Wheeler).

Peridroma saucia (Hb.) Pearly Underwing [I]
Total no. reported: 432
Distribution of records:

sw | cs | SE | EA st | w | cE | NE | Nw S |
Napa 2B en | 48 15 | 5

Months of occurrence:

| Jan Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| - un (eciva, \ronli a ae allege a ele 12 igi

[32

2195

2203

Entomologist Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

Selected annual totals from fixed traps (20+): W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s —
39 (Scott, 2010); The Lizard — 32 at three sites (Tunmore, 2010). DORSET [9] Portland Bird
Observatory — 63 (Cade, 2010). E. KENT [15] Dungeness area — 26 at fourteen sites (Clancy, 2010);
Isle of Thanet — 39 at five sites (Solly et al., 2010). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey — 30 (Deans, 2010).
Earliest dates: W. CORNWALL [1] Cury, 28.4 (FJT); IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s, February (2)
(Scott, 2010).

Latest dates: W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s, December (1) (Scott, 2010). E.
KENT [15] Dungeness, 1.12 (KR).

Large single night counts: DORSET [9] Durlston, 10.10 (9) (MJD et ai.).

Most northerly records: CAITHNESS [109] Hill of Rattar, 28.10 (N. Money) SHETLAND
ISLANDS [112] Scatness, 16.9 (Anon., 2009).

Selected inland records: SURREY [17] Nutfield, 11.9 (P.A. Cordell per GAC). Reigate, 23.10
(RAC). BEDFORDSHIRE [30] Eaton Bray, 19.9, 20.9 (MGT). HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] Earith,
7.8 (D. Griffiths per BD); Holmewood Hall, 9.8 (P. Horsenail per BD); Orton Waterville, 9.8 (J.
Newman per BD). NORTHAMPTONSHIRE [32] Pitsford Res., 11.8, 23.8 (J. Wallace per JW);
Storefield Wood, 31.10 (JW). E. GLOUCESTERSHIRE [33] Thrupp, 4.9 (PDJH per RGG). W.
GLOUCESTERSHIRE [34] Culkerton, 18.9 (MO per RGG). CHESHIRE [58] Alsager, 22.10, 27.10
(M. Dale per S. Palmer); Cheadle Hulme, 21.9 (G. Lightfoot per S. Palmer). S.W. YORKSHIRE [63]
Huddersfield, 2.10 (R. Higson per CHF).

Mythimna vitellina (Ab.) Delicate [I] [MC]
Total no. reported: 247
Distribution of records:

sw | cs | SE
61 | 148 | 36

Months of occurrence:
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep Oct | Nov | Dec |

Pl enere eax - | 13 | 40 16 21 ied pbedtal aoa

Selected annual totals from fixed traps (20+): W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s —
49 (Scott, 2010).

Earliest dates: S. DEVON [3] Uplyme, 12.6 (AK).

Latest dates: W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s, November (1) (Scott, 2010). E.
KENT [15] Dymchurch, 1.11 (JEO).

Large single night counts: DORSET [9] Durlston, 30.10 (5) (JHC); Frampton, 26.7 (8), 28.7 (12)
(AHW, in Davey, 2010); Studland, 23.10 (6) (JHC). [A record of seven vitellina from Langton
Matravers [9] on 26.10 (DCGB) published in Davey (2010) is erroneous. |

Most northerly records: S. NORTHUMBERLAND [67] Tynemouth, 6.10 (TJT).

Mythimna unipuncta (Haw.) White-speck [I] [MC]

Records of this species from the Isles of Scilly are summarised in a separate section below but have
otherwise been excluded from this account. This is due to the presence of a resident population of M.
unipuncta on the Scillies, and the records of large numbers of locally-bred adults being
indistinguishable from records of an immigrant origin.

Total no. reported: 57

Distribution of records:

sw | cs | SE | EA
[Odea A2 Drs nae?

Months of occurrence:

| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun

em
eg ge ae a

Selected annual totals from fixed traps (10+): DORSET [9] Portland Bird Observatory — 18
(Cade, 2010).

Earliest dates: OUTER HEBRIDES [110] South Uist, 30.5 (CJ).

Latest dates: W. SUSSEX [13] Ferring, 20.11 (THF per CRP).

Oct

2385

2400

Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) 133

Most northerly records: OUTER HEBRIDES [110] South Uist, 30.5 (CJ).

Scilly Isles [1] summary: Longstone, St Mary’s - 2009 annual total: 1073; monthly totals: Jan (3),
Feb (0), Mar (0), Apr (0), May (3), Jun (5), Jul (2), Aug (58), Sep (11), Oct (351), Nov (568), Dec
(72) (Scott, 2010).

Spodoptera exigua (Hb.) Small Mottled Willow [I] [In]
Total no. reported: 405
Distribution of records:

SW cs | se | EA | st | Ww
63 | 108 | 160 | 49 | 14 | 3

Months of occurrence:
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug
Tiree we

Sep | Oct
2D 12

Nov Dec

Selected annual totals from fixed traps (20+): W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s —
50 (Scott, 2010). E. KENT [15] Dungeness area — 42 at fourteen sites (Clancy, 2010). E. SUFFOLK
[25] Bawdsey — 23 (Deans, 2010).

Earliest dates: ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Bonchurch, 24.5 (JH). E. KENT [15] Dymchurch, 24.5 (JEO).
Latest dates: E. SUSSEX [14] Friston, 26.10 (MB per CRP). DORSET [9] Studland, 27.10
(DCGB). E. KENT [15] Dymchurch, 25.10 (JEO). W. GLOUCESTERSHIRE [34] Dursley, 31.10
(S. Chappell per RGG).

Large single night counts: DORSET [9] Puddletown, 9.8 (4) (HWH). E. KENT [15] Dymchurch,
16.7 (4), 1.8 (c.20) (JEO).

Most northerly records: CHESHIRE [58] Birkenhead, 20.8 (G. Jones per S. Palmer). S.E.
YORKSHIRE [61] Kilnsea, 20.7 (PAC per CHF). S. LANCASHIRE [59] Hoghton, 27.7 (G. Dixon
per SMP). MID-W. YORKSHIRE [64] Ripon, 14.7 (DDB per CHF).

Selected inland records: HERTFORDSHIRE [20] Aldbury, 21.8 (G. Broad per CWP); Bishops
Stortford, 17.7, 20.7 (J. Fish per CWP). BEDFORDSHIRE [30] Haynes, 15.7 (S. Knight).
HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] Old Weston, 31.7 (K. Royles per BD). E. GLOUCESTERSHIRE [33]
Bishop’s Cleeve, 14.9 (J. Brock per RGG). WORCESTERSHIRE [37] Norchard, 12.7 (M. Southall).
MID-W. YORKSHIRE [64] Ripon, 14.7 (DDB per CHF).

Helicoverpa armigera (Hb.) Scarce Bordered Straw [I] [In]
Total no. reported: 207
Distribution of records:

sw | cs | SE | EA
24 77 | 69 | 23

Months of occurrence:
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug
SS ETS END STP eT

Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
28 | 107 | 5 | : |

Selected annual totals from fixed traps (10+): ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Island total — 10 at six sites
(Knill-Jones, 2010). E. KENT [15] Dungeness area — 15 at fourteen sites (Clancy, 2010); Isle of
Thanet — 15 at five sites (Solly et al., 2010).

Earliest dates: E. KENT [15] Dungeness, 4.6 (DW).

Latest dates: E. CORNWALL [2] St Germans, 7.11 (JCN per LACT). E. KENT [15] Ramsgate,
15.11 (PM per IDF).

Most northerly records: S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Easington, 27.8 (MJS per CHF); Kilnsea, 24.8,
1.9,.2.9, 23.10 (BRS, PAC pert CHF),

Selected inland records: SURREY [17] Reigate, 9.10 (RAC per GAC). BEDFORDSHIRE [30]
Biggleswade, 29.10 (L. Burgess). NORTHAMPTONSHIRE [32] Woodnewton, 1.8, 30.8 (N. Smith).
W. GLOUCESTERSHIRE [34] Lower Woods (ST74/87), 29.8 (P. Cranswick per RGG).
Importations: S. DEVON [3] Kingsteignton, 23.1, larva found in supermaket-bought green beans
imported from Kenya, reared to an adult (RF). DORSET [9] Wareham, 15.10, larva found on
carnations (B. Noake, in Davey, 2010). MID-CORK [H4] Crosshaven, 13.3, adult found alive inside

134

2403

2441

Entomologist’ Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

a red pepper imported from Spain and purchased in a supermarket a few days earlier (Walsh et al.,
2011).

Heliothis peltigera (D. & S.) Bordered Straw [I]
Total no. reported: 231
Distribution of records:

Months of occurrence:
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May
ee

Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Ae A a ee

Selected annual totals from fixed traps (10+): DORSET [9] Portland Bird Observatory — 10
(Cade, 2010); West Bexington — 15 at two sites (RE, MJS, in Davey, 2010). ISLE OF WIGHT [10]
Island total — 10 at six sites (Knill-Jones, 2010). E. KENT [15] Dungeness area — 31 at fourteen sites
(Clancy, 2010); Isle of Thanet — 15 at five sites (Solly et al., 2010).

Earliest dates: S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Kilnsea, 8.5 (PAC per CHF).

Latest dates: DORSET [9] Durlston, 28.10 (per BFS).

Large single night counts: DORSET [9] Puddletown, 26.5 (3) (HWH); West Bexington, 26.5 (3)
(MJS).

Most northerly records: OUTER HEBRIDES [110] South Uist, 12.6 (CJ).

Selected inland records: SURREY [17] Carshalton, 13.6 (D. Coleman per GAC); Guildford, 27.5
(J.S. Austin per GAC); Kingston, 28.5 (A. Turner per GAC); Send Marsh, 7.8 (A. Goddard per
GAC). HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] Earith, 21.8 (D. Griffiths per BD).

Immature stages: S. EBUDES [102] Port Charlotte, Islay, 18.7, larva on ‘Tripleurospermum
inodorum (Johnson & Young, 2010).

Autographa gamma (L.) Silver Y [I]

Selected annual totals from fixed traps (1000+): W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s
— 2056 (Scott, 2010). DORSET [9] Portland Bird Observatory — 1591 (Cade, 2010). ISLE OF
WIGHT [10] Island total — c.1626 at six sites (Knill-Jones, 2010). E. KENT [15] Dungeness area —
1375+ at fourteen sites (Clancy, 2010); Isle of Thanet — 1242 at five sites (Solly et al., 2010). S.
ESSEX [18] Bradwell-on-sea — 1796 (Dewick, 2010). E. SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey — 1555 (Deans,
2010). S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn — 4945 at three sites (Spence, 2010). WATERFORD [H6]
Tramore Bay — 3991 (Bryant & Walsh, 2010).

Earliest dates: W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s, January (1) (Scott, 2010).

Latest dates: W. CORNWALL [1] IOS: Longstone, St Mary’s, December (2) (Scott, 2010). E.
KENT [15] Biddenden, 8.12 (SJB), Kingsgate, 5.12 (FS per IDF).

Large single night counts: W. CORNWALL [1] Church Cove, 17.7 (98) (MT). E. KENT [15]
Dymchurch, 20.7 (100+) (JEO). S. ESSEX [18] Bradwell-on-sea, 17.8 (216) (Dewick, 2010). E.
SUFFOLK [25] Bawdsey, 18.7 (141), 20.7 (204+), 2.8 (100) (MJD). W. NORFOLK [28] Blakeney,
2.8 (155), 3.8 (110), 5.8 (125) (E. Stubbings per J. Wheeler); Scolt Head NNR, 31.7 (205), 3.8
(1445), 4.8 (865) (N. Lawton per J. Wheeler). S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Hunmanby Gap, 9.8 (102)
(KC per CHF); Spurn/Kilnsea (three sites), 17.7 (1247), 18.7 (459), 20.7 (494) (BRS per CHF).
Large diurnal/dusk counts: NORTHAMPTONSHIRE [32] Woodnewton, 30.8 (300+) (N. Smith).
S. LANCASHIRE [59] Astley Moss, 7.9 (100+) (KMc per SMP); West Pennine Moors, 10.9 (150+)
(SM per SMP). S.E. YORKSHIRE [61] Spurn, annual total — 5786, including a monthly total of
c.5000 during August and counts of 2000 on 3.8 and 6.8 (Spence, 2010). N.E. YORKSHIRE [62]
Deepdale, 9.8 (135) (LJW per CHF); South Gare, 19.7 (140) (PWF per CHF). W. CORK [H3] Cape
Clear Island, 30.5 (c.5000) (EO’D, in Walsh et al., 2011); Dursey Island, 12-13.9 (c.5000) (Walsh et
al., 2011). W. CORK [H3] Dursey Island, 13.9 (‘many thousands’) (D. Scott per PMW).
WATERFORD [H6] Brownstown Head, 13.9 (615+) (PMW); Tramore sandhills, 12.9 (1030) (Walsh
et al., 2011).

Immature stages: WATERFORD [H6] Cronykeery, 31.7, 100+ larvae in a polytunnel (AT, in Walsh
et al., 2011). WEXFORD [H12] Sinnottstown, 1.8, larva (IR, in Walsh et a/., 2011).

Entomologist s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) | 135

ANNEX 3: SELECTED 2009 CHANNEL ISLANDS [VC 113] RECORDS

1317

1410

1599

1639

1888b

1896

2220

2413

2456

1262

1369

1397a

1972

1973

1984

1987

Catoptria verellus (Zinck.)
Guernsey: Icart, 30.6 (TNDP); La Chene, 1.7 (TNDP); St Etienne, 4.7 (Lawlor, 2010); St John, 31.8
(RA). Jersey: Grouville, 3.7 (DJW, in Long, 2010).

Agrotera nemoralis (Scop.)
Guernsey: La Chene, 30.6 (TNDP, in Lawlor, 2010).

Araschnia levana (L.) European Map
Jersey: St Helier, 25.5 (per RLo).

Dendrolimus pini (L.) Pine-tree Lappet
Guernsey: La Chene, 16.8 (TNDP, in Lawlor, 2010). Jersey: A total of six moths at two sites (Long,
2010).

Stegania cararia (Hb.) Ringed Border
Jersey: Grouville, 1.7 (DJW, in Long, 2010).

Itame brunneata (Thunb.) Rannoch Looper
Alderney: Essex Farm, 1.6 (2) (DJW). Guernsey: La Broderie, 1.6 (PDMC, in Lawlor, 2010).
Jersey: Grand Vaux, 2.6 (Long, 2010); La Mielle de Morville, 6.6 (ACW, in Long, 2010).

Shargacucullia scrophulariae (D. & S.) Water Betony
Guernsey: Icart, 23.6 (TNDP, in Lawlor, 2010).

Deltote bankiana (Fab.) Silver Barred
Guernsey: Damouettes Lane, 31.5 (TBo, in Lawlor, 2010).

Minucia lunaris (D. & S.) Lunar Double-stripe
Jersey: L’ Ouaisné, 20.5 (Long, 2010).

APPENDIX 1
Corrections/Additions to 2008 report

Cydia amplana (Hb.) [I]
DORSET [9] Alderholt, 27.8 (T. Morris, in Davey, 2010).

Uresiphita gilvata (=polygonalis) (Fab.) [I]
WATERFORD [H6] Tramore, 12.9 (not 22.9 as given in 2008 report and in Bryant & Walsh, 2009)
(TB).

Diplopseustis perieresalis (Walk.) [I/In]
MIDDLESEX [21] Westminster, September, found indoors, first VC record (AJ).

Agrius convolvuli (L.) Convolvulus Hawk-moth [I][In]
HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] Old Weston, 31.7, 23.8 (K. Royles per BD). S. NORTHUMBERLAND
[67] Tynemouth, 28.8, 2.9 (KWR per TJT).

Acherontia atropos (L.) Death’s-head Hawk-moth [I][In] ;
CHESHIRE [58] Wallasey, 7.9, found dead (P. Smith per S. Palmer). S. NORTHUMBERLAND [67]
Burradon Farms (NZ282733), 25.8 (M. Bryant per TJT).

Macroglossum stellatarum (L.) Humming-bird Hawk-moth [I]
An additional eight records from VC31 (SI) recorded in June (1), July (4), August (2), September (1)
(per BD).

Hyles gallii (Rott.) Bedstraw Hawk-moth [I][R]
N. NORTHUMBERLAND [68] Holy Island, 31.5 (S. Sexton per TJT).

136

2041

2051

Entomologist ’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

Pelosia muscerda (Hufn.) Dotted Footman [R][I][V]

W. SUSSEX [13] Middleton-on-sea, 25.7 (IDM).

[Published record from Owlsmoor [22] on 25.7 is erroneous and relates to the above record (per
IDM).]

Lithosia quadra (L.) Four-spotted Footman [R]|[I]

W. SUSSEX [13] Middleton-on-sea, 11.10 (IDM). HUNTINGDONSHIRE [31] Holme Fen, 1.7
(BD).

[Published record from Owlsmoor [22] on 11.10 is erroneous and relates to the above record from
VC13 (per IDM).]

Unlisted Utetheisa pulchelloides (Hampson) [In]

2094

2292

1409a

1374a

1375

2407

1678a

GLAMORGAN [41] Pegham Green, undated, the first British record of this Indo-Australian sibling
species of U. pulchella, a presumed importation (per M.R. Honey).

Agrotis crassa (Hb.) Great Dart [I] [FR]
DORSET [9] Swanage, 30.7 (ARC per BFS).

Cryphia algae (Fab.) Tree-lichen Beauty [I][R]

W. SUSSEX [13] Middleton-on-sea, 25.7 (IDM).

[Published record from Owlsmoor [22] on 25.7 is erroneous and relates to the above record (per
IDM).]

APPENDIX 2
Corrections/Additions to 2007 report

Diaphania perspectalis (Walk.) [In]

E. KENT [15] Wye, 7.9, in polytunnel (R. Bailey per SPC, via KCP & BBo); this now becomes the
first British record of this species, pre-dating the 2008 Surrey record previously thought to hold this
honour (see Clancy, 2011).

APPENDIX 3
Corrections/Additions to 2006 report
Sclerocona acutellus (Evers.) [In][I?]
BUCKINGHAMSHIRE [24] Chorleywood, 29.6, first VC record (R. Ellis per MVA, in Langmaid &
Young, 2010).

Ostrinia nubilalis (Ab.) [R][I][V]
DOWN [H38] Murlough, 18.7, first VC record (K. Murphy per MSP, in Langmaid & Young, 2010).

Eublemma ostrina (Hb.) Purple Marbled [I]
ISLE OF WIGHT [10] Bonchurch, 18.6 (JH); incorrectly reported and published as a record of E. parva.

APPENDIX 4
Corrections/Additions to 1996 report

Cyclophora ruficiliaria (H.-S.) Jersey Mocha [I][MC]
DORSET [9] Worth Matravers, 18.8, becomes the first known British record (Townsend, 2011).

Initials of recorders

Ashworth, A. GF Fitchett, G. NJ Jarman, N.
Lawrence, A.A. GS Sell, G. NJR Riddiford, N.J.
Batten, A. GSAS __ Spraggs, G.S.A. NO Odin, N
Cornish, A. HE Edmunds, H. NS Sherman, N.
Warne, A.C. HEB Beaumont, H.E. PAC Crowther, P.A.
Aston, A.E.C. HWH Wood Homer, H. PAD Davey, P.A.
Gardner, A.F. IAR Roberts, I.A. PAR Riley, P. & A.

Butcher, A.G.J. it@ Cook, I. PAS Sokoloff, P.A.

Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

AHD Dobson, A.H.
AHW Wheatcroft, A. & H.
AJ Jenkins, A.
AJK Kolaj, A.J.
AJM Mackay, A.J.
AK Kennard, A.
AM Middleton, A.
AMD Davis, A.M.
AMS Smout, A-M.
AMT Tebbs, A. & M.
AP Prior, A

ARC Cox, A.R.
ARM Mitchell, A.R.
AT Tyner, A.

AW Wood, A.

BBa Banson, B.
BBo Boothroyd, B.
BD Dickerson, B.
BFS Skinner, B.F.
BH Hunt, B.

BJM Milne, B. & J.
BRS Spence, B.R.
CA Atkins, C.

CH Hart, C.

CHF Fletcher, C.H.
CJ Johnson, C.
CM Moore, C.
CRP Pratt, -C:R:
CWP Plant, C.W.
DA Anderson, D.
DB Beck, D.

DBW _ Wooldridge, D.B.
DC Crawley, D.
DCG@ — Gardner, D.C.
DCGB _ Brown, D.C.G.
DD Davidson, D.
DDB Bowes, D. & D.
DE Evans, D.
DEW Wilson, D.E.
DF Foot, D.

DG Grundy, D.
DGG Green, D.G.
DH? Hardy, D.
DJW Wedd, D.J.

DE Eee?

DM Money, D.
DMG _ Godfrey, D. & M.
DNB Burrows, D.N.
DRML Long, D.R.M.
DS Sawyer, D.
DW Walker, D.

BC Carpenter, E.
EG Goodyear, E.
EO’D O’Donnell, E.
FERA — Food & Environmental
Research Agency

FS Solly, F.

FTJ Johns, F.T.
GAC Collins, G.A.
GAH Henwood, G.A.
GB Bailey, G.
GBH Hocking, G.B.

IDF Ferguson, I.D.
IH Hodgson, I.
fle Lang, I.
IR Rippey, I.
IRT Thirlwell, LR.
JB Bellamy, J.
JBH Higgott, J.B.
iL ® Clifton, J.
JCN Nicholls, J.C.
JDW Wilson, J.D.
IEC Chainey, J.E.
JEO Owen, J.E.
JF Francis, J.
JH Halsey, J.
JHC Clarke, J.H.
JK Knowler, J.
JP Porters:
JRL Langmaid, J.R.
JS Scanes, J.
JSB Badmin, J.S.
JSR Russell, J.S.
JTR Radford, J.T.
JW Ward, J.
KC Clarkson, K.
KCP Privett, K.C.
KEN Noble, K.E.
KGMB Bond, K.G.M.
KK Knights, K.
KMc McCabe, K.
KR Redshaw, K.
KWR _ Regan, K.W.
LHW Whiffen, L.H.
LJF Finch, L.J.
LJH to ldk iby Gel
LJW Westmoreland, L. & J.
LL Lillington, L.
LO Oakes, L.
MA Ashby, M.
MB Blencowe, M.
MC Cade, M.
MCH Harvey, M.C.
MCM _~ Marsh, M.C.
MCT Townsend, M.C.
ME Elliott, M.
MFB Feeny-Brown, M.
MFS Stoyle, M.F.
MG Gray, M.
MGT Telfer, M.G.
MJ Jeffes, M.
MJD Deans, M.J.
MJS Sterling, M.J.
MM McCrea, M.
MO Oates, M.
MPS Skevington, M.P.
MRY Young, M.R.
MSP Parsons, M.S.
MST Taylor, M.S.
MT Tunmore, M.
MVA Albertini, M.V.
MWS _ Scott, M.A. & W.J.
NDP Pearce, N.D.
Acknowledgements

PB
Ae
PDC

137

Bryant, P.
Clarke, P.
Chapman, P.D.
Costen, P.D.M.
Akers, P.G.
Harris, P.
Boggis, P.H.
Stirling, P.H.
Kitchener, P.
Lister, P.
Milton, P.
Walsh, P.M.
Winter, P.Q.
Williams, P.R.
Sokoloff, P.
Tennent, P.
Forster, P.W.
Austin, R.
Cramp, R.A.
Wynn, R.B.
Clatworthy, R.
Eden, R.

Fox, R.
McCormick, R.F.
Gaunt, R.G.
Dickson, R.J.
Redhead, R.J.
Stroud, R. & J.
Leverton, R.
Long, R.
Harvey, R.M.
Neave, R.
Steedman, R.
Terry, R.
Wolton, R.
Knill-Jones, S.A.
Bayley, S.
Madge, S.C.
Broyd, S.J.
Martin, S.
Palmer, S.M.
Ogden, S.
Philp, S.
Clancy, S.P.
Wheatley, S.
Bryant, T.
Bourgaize, T.
Greens fi:
Hodge, T.
Freed, T.H.
James, T.
Lewis, T.J.
Tams, T.J.
Morris, T.

Peet, T.N.D.
Rouse, T.
steele, I.
Whitaker, T.
Tucker, V. & S.
Weston, V.
Curtis, W. & M.

My thanks go to all of the above mentioned recorders and contributors, in
particular those who took the time to send in records directly and the county

138 Entomologist ’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

recorders who provided comprehensive spreadsheet data from their respective
territories.

I am again very grateful to Bernard Skinner for his assistance with the current
report and for commenting on the first draft; also Paul Walsh for again providing
definitive totals and associated data for the whole of Ireland.

References

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Bogue, R.W, 2009. Papilio machaon L. (Lep.: Papilionidae) in East Sussex. Entomologist ’s
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Davis, G.., 2010. Reports from coastal stations - 2009. Maenporth, Cornwall. Atropos 39: 41-
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Deans, M., 2010. Reports from coastal stations - 2009. Bawdsey Peninsula, Suffolk. Atropos
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Dewick, S., 2010. Reports from coastal stations - 2009. Curry Farm, Bradwell-on-sea, Essex.
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Fox, R., 2010. 2009: The year of the Painted Lady Vanessa cardui (L.). Atropos 40: 3-14.

Gould, P.J.L., 2011. Important Lepidoptera records from the Rothamsted Insect Survey light-
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Harvey, R. & Higgott, J., 2010. Reports from coastal stations - 2009. Minsmere RSPB, Suffolk.
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Hicks, J. & Bantock, H., 2010. Reports from coastal stations - 2009. Morfa Dyffryn, Tal y bont
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Higgott, J.B. & Davey, P., 2010. The Rannoch Looper Jtame brunneata (Thunb.) in southern
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Higgott, J., 2010. Rannoch Looper tame brunneata in southern England, ce Corrections.
Atropos 41: 61.

Howe, P., 2010. Reports from coastal stations - 2009. Sandwich Bay Bird Observatory, Kent.
Atropos 40: 87.

Hunter, I. & S., 2010. Reports from coastal stations - 2009. Elms Farm, Icklesham, East
Sussex. Atropos 39: 49-50.

Jarman, N. & Morris, T., 2010. Reports from coastal stations - 2009. Kingsdown Beach & St
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Knill-Jones, S., 2010. Reports from coastal stations - 2009. Isle of Wight. Atropos 39: 45-47.

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140 Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

Record Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum (L.) (Lep.:
Sphingidae) immigration into Britain and Ireland in 2011

The Humming-bird Hawk-moth is a familiar immigrant to Britain and Ireland from
southern Europe and North Africa. It breeds here regularly in the summer months
and is also known to overwinter in southern counties. As with other migrant moths
and butterflies, the numbers arriving here varies considerably from year to year.
Gilchrist’s account of the Humming-bird Hawk-moth (in Heath, J. & Emmet, A. M.
(eds), 1983. The Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain and Ireland: Volume 9
Sphingidae-Noctuidae (Part 1). Harley Books) states that the number recorded in
Britain and Ireland “exceeded 1,000 in 1899, 1947 and 1955, the greatest number
being 4,250 in 1947.” More recently this total has been exceeded, with a minimum
count of 6,586 in 2006 (Clancy, S. P., 2008. The immigration of Lepidoptera to the
British Isles in 2006. Entomologist’s Record and Journal of Variation 120: 209-276).

At the beginning of 2008, Butterfly Conservation developed a simple, online
survey for two common migrant Lepidoptera, the Humming-bird Hawk-moth and
the Painted Lady butterfly Vanessa cardui. This formed part of the programme of
public engagement activities under the Moths Count project funded principally by
the Heritage Lottery Fund. The online survey has continued to run since then and
has been widely publicised in the media, including on BBC 2 television’s
Springwatch and Autumnwatch and on the BBC Radio 4 series World on the Move.

2011 proved to be a very good year for Humming-bird Hawk-moths. Once
overseas sightings and duplicates had been removed, the online survey received a
total of 9,096 reports of the moth in 2011 from 8,400 different people. Figure 1
shows the distribution of these sightings at 10km x 10km grid square resolution.
These records contained sightings of a total of 10,490 individual Humming-bird
Hawk-moths in Britain and Ireland in 2011, greatly exceeding the previous record
total in 2006.

Typically, late summer (August and September) is considered to be the peak in
Humming-bird Hawk-moth sightings (Waring, P. & Townsend, M., 2009. Field
Guide to the Moths of Great Britain and Ireland. British Wildlife Publishing) and
this was the case in 2006, when 55% of the annual sightings were in those two
months (Clancy, op. cit.). The phenology of Humming-bird Hawk-moth sightings
in 2011 differed from this pattern. Figure 2 shows the daily count of moths reported
to the online survey for the main period of sightings (May—November). There were
a small number of reports from each of the other months (i.e. December-April). As
can be seen, there were two peak periods for sightings in 2011. The first and larger
peak took place between 26 June and 14 July, with the highest daily numbers of
moths being on 1-3 July. The second peak took place between the middle of
September and the middle of October, with the highest daily reports on 1-2
October. In contrast to the typical pattern, August 2011 was relatively poor for
Humming-bird Hawk-moth sightings. This is perhaps not surprising given the poor
weather, but could also reflect a period of larval development.

Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) 14]

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Figure 1. Map showing the distribution of Humming-bird Hawk-moth sightings submitted
to Butterfly Conservation’s online survey in 2011. Each dot represents the presence of at
least one record in a 10km x 10km grid square of the Ordnance Survey National Grid.

142 Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

It is not my assertion that 2011 was the best year ever for Humming-bird Hawk-
moths. My own observations and those of other moth recorders that I have spoken
to suggest that it was a good but not extraordinary year. However, more Humming-
bird Hawk-moths were recorded in 2011 than in any other year and so the aim of
this note is simply to place this fact on record. The increasing number of people
willing to record Humming-bird Hawk-moths, in conjunction with increased public
awareness of the survey and ease of participation, leads to a more comprehensive
assessment of the distribution and abundance of the moth, but also makes
comparison with previous data problematic. The formal report for immigration of
Lepidoptera to the British Isles in 2011 is yet to be published so it remains to be
seen how the Humming-bird Hawk-moth total in that report compares to the data
presented here.

400 + ae

350 4

250 4

recorded

re 200 -—-———-————— 1

150 4

100 4

Figure 2. The daily totals of Humming-bird
Conservation’s online survey in 2011.

There is also the potential for misidentification among survey participants who
are unfamiliar with moths. The Humming-bird Hawk-moth is a very distinctive
diurnal insect and was chosen for the online survey, at least in part, because of its
ease of identification. Nevertheless, some inexperienced participants may have
mistakenly recorded other moths or Bee-flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae). However,

Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) 143

there is no reason to assume that all of the participants are inexperienced recorders —
indeed many may have a good knowledge of moths and general natural history. In
addition, I conducted a small-scale quality control assessment. Many participants
take photos of the insect(s) that they are reporting and note this fact in their online
submissions. I contacted 20 such participants who had submitted Humming-bird
Hawk-moth records to the online survey in 2011 and asked to see the photos that
they had taken. All of the identifications in this small sample were correct. Thus,
while acknowledging that there may be mistakes in this dataset, as with any other, I
doubt that any such errors will have a significant impact on the overall results.

I would like to thank all of the people who submitted Humming-bird Hawk-moth
records during 2011, Les Hill for assistance with data handling and Mark Parsons for
helpful comments. The online survey for Humming-bird Hawk-moth and Painted
Lady continues in 2012 at www.butterfly-conservation.org and any sightings would
be greatly appreciated. — RICHARD Fox, Butterfly Conservation, Manor Yard, East
Lulworth, Dorset BH20 S5QP (E-mail: rfox@pbutterfly-conservation.org).

A good year for Corizus hyoscyami (L.) (Hem.: Rhopalidae)

Corizus hyoscyami is one of our most distinctive bugs. Large and strikingly marked
with red and black, it occurs mostly near the coast. In recent years, however, the
bug has been making significant forays inland, and there have been many records
from non-coastal counties. This change in distribution first came to the notice of
hemipterists in 2006, and the situation of that year is comprehensively documented
by Whitehead (2008, Ent. Mon. Mag. 144: 163-176).

My own first inland record of this species was in the previous year, 2005, when
I noticed a single individual on a thistle head whilst strolling through a wood in
Buckinghamshire. This encounter was personally significant, as it spawned a
renewed interest in the Heteroptera, a group that I had neglected for many years.
In subsequent seasons, I continued to find occasional singletons in my travels
through The Three Counties of Oxfordshire, Berkshire and Buckinghamshire, and
by the end of last year, 2010, I had added nine more records of the insect. These
ten records are listed in Table 1 and can be seen to fall within six separate
localities. At two localities I found second specimens within a single year, on
separate occasions, at Whitecross Green Wood, Oxfordshire (2008) and The
Holies, Berkshire (2009). Also, at two localities I found specimens in separate
years, at Bernwood Forest, Buckinghamshire (2005 and 2006) and The Holies
(2006 and 2009). A key question concerning these records was whether they
provided evidence of the insect being resident within The Three Counties, that is
existing as breeding populations that can survive the winter and continue year
after year. However, it seemed more likely that the bug was nothing more than an
uncommon vagrant, the specimens I took having dispersed from breeding colonies
elsewhere.

Entomologist s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

144

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Entomologist ’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) 145

This year, 2011, my recording of C. hyoscyami has been very different, as can be
seen from Table 2. Sixty individuals of the bug have been found, at six new
localities within The Three Counties, and at two localities over the border in
Hampshire and Surrey. Most of these localities provided only singletons, but
multiple individuals were found at two sites in Oxfordshire. Nine were found, in two
visits, sweeping a fallow field at Hitchcopse Pit, a sandy area to the south of Oxford.
Forty-four were found in two visits, sweeping the edges of a wide ride at Burnt Platt
Wood, an area of sandy heath in the Chiltern Hills. A third visit to this site produced
a forty-fifth individual within a couple of minutes, before rain stopped play. As in
previous years, no nymphs were encountered at any of these localities, but the
numbers of adults found at Burnt Platt Wood and Hitchcopse Pit, in contrast to the
singletons or absence of the insect elsewhere, indicate the presence of breeding
colonies, at least at the former site. Whether these colonies have existed in previous
years 1s difficult to assess. I have not visited Burnt Platt Wood prior to this year, and
I have not worked Hitchcopse Pit, in the late summer, since 2007. The latter site is
soon to be destroyed for sand extraction, a new access road for lorries having been
laid this year; but it will be interesting to revisit Burnt Platt Wood next spring to
look for overwintered adults, and for the elustve nymphs. However, regardless of the
particular status of the bug at these localities, it has clearly become a much more
common insect in 2011, than it has been in previous years, in terms of both the
number of individuals found and the number of localities recorded.

Some excellent images of this bug can be found on the British Bugs website
(http://www.britishbugs.org.uk) or by searching Flickr (http://www.flickr.com). —
RoB RyAN, 38 St John Street, Oxford, OX1 2LH (E-mail: notnowcato@ymail.com).

Stenodema holsata (Fabricius) (Hem., Miridae) in the Chiltern Hills

On 28 May 2011 I visited Cowleze Wood, near Watlington in the Oxfordshire part
of the Chiltern Hills, with the purpose of digging some pitfall traps for Coleoptera.
However, upon arrival I was most vexed to discover that I had forgotten to bring
my trowel. After a brief period of cursing, my mind turned from the negative to the
positive, and I started to formulate a Plan B. It was too windy to sweep and beat on
the adjacent down, but remembering that such conditions can bring canopy species
within reach, I decided to work the borders of the sheltered car park area of the
wood, a site I had neglected in the past. Sweeping the mixed vegetation at the foot
of the trees, I was immediately rewarded with several specimens of Stenodema
holsata (Fabr.); not a canopy species, but a grassbug (Miridae-Mirinae-
Stenodemin1) which I had hitherto failed to find anywhere since my youth growing
up in Yorkshire. These were of the over-wintered form of the bug, striking and
unmistakeable with their broad green and brown longitudinal stripes. Venturing
further, into the wood proper, I found more of the insect among the mixed grasses
of a shaded ride. The narrow, darker rides and paths of the wood did not produce
the insect, nor did the broad, bright main ride, where the bug was replaced by one

146 Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

of its congeners, S. /aevigata (L.), an almost ubiquitous insect that will be familiar
to anyone who has ever taken up a sweep net in grassy situations.

I reported my find to Dr Bernard Nau, former National Recorder for the
Heteroptera, who stated that he had also found the bug in the Chiltern Hills, at two
woodland sites in Buckinghamshire and Hertfordshire, but never in his own
county of Bedfordshire. This created a puzzle as to why S. holsata seemed
restricted to upland woodland, and was apparently absent from the lowland woods
and from open, grassy areas at either elevation. Southwood and Leston (1959.
Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Warne, London) states that the bug is
especially abundant in upland pastures and in damp acid woodlands, but neither
description is appropriate for the Chiltern sites. Woodroffe (1960. Entomologist '’s
Monthly Magazine 96: 4) comments that whilst the bug is common in grassy,
open habitats in the north and west, it is confined in the south-east to woodland
rides and glades, but does not mention the issue of altitude. I therefore decided to
investigate the matter further.

Grid Reference Site Altitude Vice-county
SU726956 1. Cowleze Wood, near Watlington 255m 23: Oxfordshire
SU677830 2. Ipsden Wood, near Stoke Row 135m 23: Oxfordshire
SP887085 3. Wendover Woods, Wendover 200-250m | 24: Buckinghamshire
SP975146 4. Ivinghoe Common, Ashridge Estate 220m 24: Buckinghamshire
SP972118 5. Aldbury Common, Ashridge Estate 195m 20: Hertfordshire
SP977103 6. Northchurch Common, Ashridge Estate 175m 20: Hertfordshire
SP853063 7. Low Scrubs, Coombe Hill, near Wendover 245m 24: Beene stire |
SU210679 — Savernake Forest, Marlborough 180m 7: North Wiltshire
SU350025 — Hawkhill Inclosure, New Forest 30m 11: South Hampshire

Table 1. The sites of Stenodema holsata mentioned in the text. The altitude figures are derived
from Ordnance Survey Explorer (1:25000) maps. The vice-counties are deduced from the grid
references using http://herbariaunited.org/gridrefVC

I first checked my existing woodland haunts, lowland and upland, which all
proved negative, confirming my previous experience. I then began to explore new
sites and amid several failures I found the bug at Ipsden Wood, near Stoke Row,
just 8km from the south-western end of the Chilterns. The conditions here were
somewhat different from those at Cowleze Wood. The insect was confined to a
short, dark, canopied stretch of bridleway at the junction with the road, where the
dominant grass was Wood Melick, Melica uniflora Retzius (Gramineae). The
bright clearings to either side of the bridleway, where the Wood Melick was
replaced by other, mixed grasses, produced S. laevigata, but not S. holsata.

I then turned to the north-east and, using the information provided by Dr Nau,
quickly found more sites for the bug. At Wendover Woods in Buckinghamshire, I
followed the Firecrest Trail and found both S. holsata and S. laevigata at various

Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) 147

points, but curiously I never found the two
species together. The rides here were mostly
wider and brighter than where I had previously
found S. holsata, but were still shaded by
surrounding trees. In the National Trust’s
Ashridge Estate in Hertfordshire, I found the
bug sweeping the mixed grasses around three
car parks (on Ivinghoe Common, Aldbury
Common and Northchurch Common), but only
in the shaded portions and a short way into the
woods. The bug was not found deeper into the

Figure 1. The sites of Stenodema holsata
in the Chiltern. Hills-Theslocanons.of thera WOOGS. where the canopy created darker

sites are shown as numbered circles. The conditions resembling those found at Ipsden

numbers in the circles refer to the site
numbers in Table 1.

Wood, and in the brighter parts of the car parks
the insect was again replaced by S. laevigata.

Turning south-west again, I discovered another site for the bug at Low Scrubs, part
of the National Trust’s Coombe Hill site. Here the bug was found along grassy paths
amid the scrub, but was absent where a canopy formed. Despite much further
searching, no more sites for the bug were found in the Chiltern Hills, but I did find it
at Savernake Forest, Marlborough, Wiltshire in the North Wessex Downs. Once
again, the bug was found in shaded rides and was not taken with S. /aevigata. By this
stage in my search, it was mid-July and the new generation was starting to appear,
alongside the last of the overwintered bugs. The new insects were less striking than
their parents, the stripes being coloured straw and dark brown, without any green.
This overlapping of the generations is significant as it prevents the explanation of
negative results as the bug being out of season when sites were visited. Clearly, if
there were strong colonies of S. holsata at my previously well-worked sites, open and
wooded, lowland and upland, I would certainly have found them.

I conclude from the foregoing that S. holsata is widely distributed but local in
the Chiltern Hills. It prefers elevated, shaded woodland settings, but the precise
conditions in which it is found varies from one site to the next. It also appears to
have a curious aversion to S. /aevigata. In my search, I also encountered another
congener, S. calcarata (Fallén), which is commonly found with S. /aevigata, but it
also was not found with S. holsata. This separation of species is probably not due
just to the degree of shade, as at Wendover Woods both S. holsata and S. laevigata
were found in similar conditions. Perhaps a biologist with a slightly cruel streak
might rear these species together in a vivarium and see how they get along.

I very much doubt that these conclusions will prove to be applicable generally
across south-eastern England, as I have also taken S. holsata at a lowland site, along
a wide, bright, unshaded ride in Hawkhill Enclosure, New Forest, Hampshire,
although once again the bug was not taken with other Stenodema species.

Some excellent images of the bug can be found on the British Bugs website
(http://www. britishbugs.org.uk) or by searching Flickr (http://www flickr.com). |
am very grateful to Dr. Nau for his assistance with this project. — RoB RYAN, 38
St John Street, Oxford, OX1 2LH (E-mail: notnowcato@ymail.com).

148 — Entomologist’ Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

SCARCE AND MIGRANT LADYBIRDS (COCCINELLIDAE)
IN MOTH TRAPS

ANDREW COLLINS

228 Kathleen Road, Sholing, Southampton SO198GY.

Email: arc@soton.ac.uk

Abstract
Light trap records of ladybirds from 2003-2011 are presented. Most of the common easily
observed species were only infrequently recorded. However, some of the more uncommon
species such as Adonis’, 18-spot, Eyed and Larch, were found from the continent and
several pine specialist species are overrepresented, given their scarcity.
Keywords: Light trap records, Ladybird migration, Pine specialist ladybirds.

Introduction

Of the 47 species of beetles from the family Coccinellidae resident in Britain and
Ireland 26 species are readily recognisable as ‘ladybirds’ and have been given
English names (Roy et al, 2011). This sub-group could be described as ‘macro’
ladybirds analogous to the micro/macro distinction applied to moths. A number of
these species have demonstrated a propensity for long distance dispersal. The 7-spot
ladybird Coccinella septempunctata, for example, has been reported undertaking
long flights across the sea and large numbers have been seen on ships (Minchin,
2010). The invasive Harlequin Ladybird Harmonia axyridis was released in Europe
as a biological control agent on a commercial basis in the 1990s and has been
described as the fastest-spreading invasive insect in Europe. It was first recorded in
south-east England in 2003 and has since spread as far as Orkney, the Pembrokeshire
coast and western Cornwall. It first arrived in numbers in my own area
(Southampton, Hampshire) in July 2006. There is good evidence that this particular
wave of colonisation was from the near continent. The dates of my first moth trap
records coincide closely with the first records (also in moth traps) from Portland Bill,
Dorset on 27 July (http://www. portlandbirdobs.org.uk/latest_jul2006.htm). Brown
and Roy (2007) link immigration from mainland Europe with arrivals of immigrant
moths at coastal sites in Dorset, Sussex and Norfolk in August 2006.

A number of ladybird species and other beetles are recorded in moth traps and,
although the numbers attracted may be small, the appearance of some of these
insects may reflect ‘migrant’ arrivals from the continent and coincide with arrivals
of interesting migrant moths. Furthermore, amongst resident species, there is
evidence that the ladybirds attracted to light include a higher than expected number
of scarcer species that are difficult to find in daytime searches. Light trap recording
of ladybirds therefore presents an opportunity to provide additional records of
significance for specific locations, particularly where ladybirds are poorly recorded.

Macro-ladybirds from moth traps in a Southampton garden

My garden is situated in an urban area on the south-eastern side of Southampton
(O.S. grid reference SU 461119). I have been moth trapping here for 20 years and

Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012) 149

since 2003 have also kept records of ladybirds in my 125W mercury vapour (MV)
and actinic (twin 30W) moth traps. On the morning of 8 November 2011 a single
Adonis’ ladybird Hippodamia variegata was found in the MV trap. This was
notable as the first garden record of a species which is very local in Britain and on
a noticeably late date in the year. The species has been recorded previously in the
Southampton area, the closest location being Weston Shore at the northern end of
Southampton water, although there are few records. It was recorded during a
period of unseasonably mild south-easterly winds which was associated with the
unusually late arrival of migrant moths including Palpita vitrealis (12 November)
and Gem Orthonama obstipata (16 November). Hawkins (2000) identifies
Adonis’ ladybird as one of the most frequent Mediterranean species which is
‘probably also migrant’. The relatively scarcity in the local area, the late date and
weather conditions linked with moth migration supports the possibility that this
individual was a migrant from the continent.

I have recorded a total of 12 macro ladybird species in the garden moth traps
since 2003. Only two species, the Orange ladybird Halyzia sedecimguttata and the
Harlequin ladybird are regular. The most frequent (115 records, Table 1) is Orange
ladybird, which has long been known to appear in moth traps. In the Southampton
area it is only infrequently seen during the day. The peak counts in the traps are
during June (Table 2) and, in line with other ladybird species, the highest numbers
are found during warm summers, such as 2006 (Table 1). The Harlequin ladybird
has been the most frequent species in the traps since its arrival in 2006 although
moth trap numbers remain relatively low given the large numbers easily found by
day throughout Southampton. The peak numbers of Harlequin ladybirds seen during
the day are in October and November (Roy et al, 2011). This differs from the moth
trap numbers which peak in June (Table 2), suggesting seasonal differences in
behaviour influence the likelihood of insects entering moth traps. Other species are
far less regular but the 18-spot, which is a locally distributed specialist of the crowns
of Scots pine trees, is notable as the third most frequently recorded species.
Interestingly, there are very few suitable host trees in the vicinity of the garden and a
focussed search of suitable trees is usually needed to locate it by day (with variable
success rates). It is ranked as only the 19th most widespread (Table 1) of the 26
macro ladybirds as measured by UK 10km square coverage in Table 5 of Roy et al
(2011). Interestingly other relatively local Scots pine specialists have appeared in the
moth trap whereas more abundant and ‘visible’ ladybird species have not appeared
or are much rarer than their widespread distribution would suggest. These pine
specialists are Cream-streaked ladybird Harmonia quadripunctata (found on
conifers, usually Scots pine, rank 18); Larch ladybird Aphidecta obliterata (which
lives on larch, Scots pine and Douglas fir, rank 14) and Eyed ladybird Anatis
ocellata (which lives primarily on Scots pine, rank 15). Surprisingly, the really
common species that are easily seen by day, such as 2-spot Adalia bipunctata and 7-
spot, are infrequently or very rarely seen in moth traps.

Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 124 (2012)

150

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Discussion

Nine years of moth trapping in a Southampton garden has produced records of 12
macro ladybird species. Apart from the Orange and Harlequin ladybirds, which
are regularly seen, the numbers of other species are low. Brown et al (2006) point
out that ‘most ladybird species do not tend to be drawn to light, but Harlequin and
Orange ladybird .... are two exceptions’. However, amongst the less frequent
species, the proportion of the more difficult to observe ladybirds, particularly the
specialists of Scots pine and related trees, is higher than might be expected. In
agreement with this Hawkins (2000) points out that several conifer specialists,
including the 18-spot ladybird, were recorded at MV moth traps during the survey
of the ladybirds of Surrey. Specifically, the 18-spot ladybird was noted in moth
traps as ‘appearing on three occasions at South Croydon although 70 metres from
the nearest pine’. In contrast, most species which are readily seen by day, with the
exception of the Harlequin ladybird, tend to be relatively under-represented in
light trap catches. The Adonis’ ladybird is a potential migrant from the continent,
which is also the likely source of the first arrival of Harlequin ladybirds in the
Southampton area and other south coast locations. Particularly mild and humid
nights between the middle of June and the middle of July offer the best
opportunity for observing a diversity of ladybird species in a moth trap. As several
species are very small (such as 18-spot and Adonis’) they are easily overlooked.
However, recording the species found might contribute significant new records for
a particular area, especially given that many of the most common ladybirds appear
to rarely enter moth traps.

References

Brown, P. and Roy, H., 2007. The spread of the Harlequin Ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Pallas)
in late 2006. Atropos 31: 32-33.

Brown, P., Roy, H., Ware, R., Majerus, M., 2006. Distribution and identification of the
Harlequin Ladybird Harmonia axyridis. Atropos 28: 63-69.

Hawkins, R. D., 2000. Ladybirds of Surrey. Surrey Wildlife Trust.

Roy, H., Brown, P., Frost, R., Poland, R., 2011. Ladybirds (Coccinellidae) of Britain and
Ireland. FSC Publications.

Minchin, D., 2010. A swarm of the seven-spot ladybird Coccinella septempunctata

(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) carried on a cruise ship. European Journal of Entomology 107:
127-128.

CALL FOR PAPERS AND NOTES

We welcome material for publication from both amateurs and professionals. First-
time authors are welcome to contact the Editor for advice if they wish; his contact
details inside the front cover. It is not necessary to be a subscriber to submit a
paper (though we may try to persuade you). pe

First and foremost we publish material on British insects, primarily moths
(Lepidoptera) and this’material is given priority when space is short. If space
permits we also accept contributions on European Lepidoptera and, much less
frequently, other European insect groups if we think these will be of interest to
British readers. Material from other geographical and taxonomic areas should
ideally be offered to other journals, except that we may also accept Sat
describing new species of moths from areas outside Europe if we have space.”

We welcome colour illustrations, but these will only be used if the editor ats
them necessary for the understanding or enjoyment of the text. We regard habitat
images as important as pictures of the insects, as long as they illustrate something
useful. We do not charge for publication, but as with all peer-reviewed journals we
require exclusivity and all submitted material, without exception, should not be
offered to, or be under consideration by, any other publication at the same.
Authors of accepted papers will receive proofs for checking (usually as a pdf via
e-mail) a couple of weeks before publication.

Because we publish six times a year we can usually offer rapid publication.
Shorter Notes are vetted by the Editor. Full papers are peer-reviewed by at least
one referee, sometimes two, and may be returned to authors for changes to be
made before final acceptance. In general, however, we try to get things into print
rapidly. We prefer submissions to be made by e-mail if possible (see inside front
cover or visit the web site). Typed tables may be pasted into the word processor
file. However, please do not embed (insert) files from other programs as this
compromises quality and may make editing impossible. All photographs and
other images, all charts and any graphs should be sent as separate files. Please set
text outside the frames — if it absolutely must be inside the frame please use
Times New Roman 9-point font. The Editor can scan and return originals if
asked. All contributions must bear the name and address of the author and, if you
wish, an e-mail address. Please follow the format in this issue.

We no longer issue paper reprints unless asked. Authors of papers will be e-
mailed a pdf of their work and they may print as many copies as they wish. To
reduce costs we will only send a pdf of Notes if requested to do so. All material
must be sent to the Editor. We welcome books for review, but unsolicited book
reviews will not usually be accepted.

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